1. \(\frac{x-1}{x-3}\)= \(\frac{3}{2}\)

<=> 2(x-1)= 3(x-3)

<=> 2x-2=3x-9

<=> 9-2=3x=2x

<=> 7=x

Vậy x= 7

2. \(\frac{7}{8}\)= \(\frac{x-1}{x-2}\)

<=> 7(x-2)= 8(x-1)

<=> 7x-14= 8x-8

<=> 8-14= 8x-7x

<=> -6=x

Vậy x=-6

a: \(\dfrac{x-6}{7}+\dfrac{x-7}{8}+\dfrac{x-8}{9}=\dfrac{x-9}{10}+\dfrac{x-10}{11}+\dfrac{x-11}{12}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-6}{7}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-7}{8}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-8}{9}+1\right)=\left(\dfrac{x-9}{10}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-10}{11}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-11}{12}+1\right)\)

=>x+1=0

hay x=-1

c: |x-2|=13

=>x-2=13 hoặc x-2=-13

=>x=15 hoặc x=-11

d: \(\Leftrightarrow3\left|x-2\right|+4\left|x-2\right|=2-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{3}\)

=>7|x-2|=5/3

=>|x-2|=5/21

=>x-2=5/21 hoặc x-2=-5/21

=>x=47/21 hoặc x=37/21

@Akai Haruma

@Hắc Hường

III.

Bài 1:

1/ pt có nghiệm x = 1

<=> \(1-m+1-m^2+m-2=0\Leftrightarrow-m^2=0\Leftrightarrow m=0\)

b/ khi m = 2

pt <=> \(x^2-x-4+2-2=0\)

<=> \(x^2-x-4=0\)

Có: \(\Delta=1-4\cdot\left(-4\right)=17\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x_2=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{17}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+4y=7\\4x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+4y=7\\y=4x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+4\left(4x-3\right)=7\\y=4x-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}19x=19\\y=4x-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=4\cdot1-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy (x;y) = (1;1)

\(\begin{array}{l}a)\dfrac{{y + 6}}{{{x^2} - 4{\rm{x}} + 4}}.\dfrac{{{x^2} - 4}}{{x + 1}}.\dfrac{{x - 2}}{{y + 6}}\\ = \dfrac{{y + 6}}{{{x^2} - 4{\rm{x}} + 4}}.\dfrac{{x - 2}}{{y + 6}}.\dfrac{{{x^2} - 4}}{{x + 1}}\\ = \dfrac{{\left( {y + 6} \right).\left( {x - 2} \right).\left( {{x^2} - 4} \right)}}{{\left( {{x^2} - 4{\rm{x}} + 4} \right).\left( {y + 6} \right).\left( {x + 1} \right)}}\\ = \dfrac{{\left( {y + 6} \right).\left( {x - 2} \right).\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x + 2} \right)}}{{{{\left( {x - 2} \right)}^2}.\left( {y + 6} \right).\left( {x + 1} \right)}} = \dfrac{{x + 2}}{{x + 1}}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}b)\left(\frac{2x+1}{{x - 3}} + \frac{2x+1}{x+3}\right ) .\dfrac{{x^2 - 9}}{{2{\rm{x}} + 1}} \\ = (2x+1) \left ( \frac {1}{x-3} + \frac {1}{x+3} \right ) . \frac {(x-3)(x+3)}{2x + 1} \\ = (2x+1) \frac {x+3 + x - 3}{(x-3)(x+3)} . \frac {(x-3)(x+3)}{2x + 1}  \\ = \frac {2x(2x+1)}{(x-3)(x+3)} . \frac {(x-3)(x+3)}{2x +1} \\= 2x \end{array}\)

a)\(\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|2y-4z\right|=0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\forall x;y\\\left|2y-4z\right|\ge0\forall y;z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|2y-4z\right|\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|=0\\\left|2y-4z\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=3y\\2y=4z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}\\\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{6}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{6+4+2}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{12}.6=\dfrac{7}{2}\\y=\dfrac{7}{12}.4=\dfrac{7}{3}\\z=\dfrac{7}{12}.2=\dfrac{7}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)\(\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|=0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|\ge0\\\left|x-3\right|\ge0\\\left|x-4\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-2\right|=0\\\left|x-3\right|=0\\\left|x-4\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(2\ne3\ne4\) nên \(x\in\varnothing\)

c)

\(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+...+\left|x+8\right|+\left|x+9\right|\)

Với mọi \(x\ge0\) ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+1\right|=x+1\\\left|x+2\right|=x+2\\\left|x+8\right|=x+8\\\left|x+9\right|=x+9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+x+2+...+x+8+x+9=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x+90=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x=x-89\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=89\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{89}{-8}\left(KTM\right)\)

Với mọi \(x< 0\) ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-x-1\\x+2=-x-2\\x+8=-x-8\\x+9=-x-9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(-x-1\right)+\left(-x-2\right)+...+\left(-x-8\right)+\left(-x-9\right)=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x-90=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9x=x+89\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-10x=89\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{89}{-10}\left(TM\right)\)

d)\(\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|5y-2z\right|+\left|2z-6\right|=0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|\ge0\\ \left|5y-2z\right|\ge0\\ \left|2z-6\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-3y\right|+\left|5y-2z\right|+\left|2z-6\right|\ge0\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2x-3y\right|=0\\\left|5y-2z\right|=0\\\left|2z-6\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=3\\y=\dfrac{6}{5}\\x=\dfrac{9}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(A=y^2-8y-x\left(8-y\right)\)

\(=y\left(y-8\right)+x\left(y-8\right)\)

\(=\left(y-8\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=100\cdot100=10000\)

a) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+1\right)^2-6\left(x^2+1\right)+9\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2-2\cdot\left(x^2+1\right)\cdot3+3^2\)

\(=\left(x^2+1-3\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-2\right)^2\)

b) Ta có: \(16\left(x+1\right)^2-25\left(2x+3\right)^2\)

\(=\left[4\left(x+1\right)\right]^2-\left[5\left(2x+3\right)\right]^2\)

\(=\left(4x+4\right)^2-\left(10x+15\right)^2\)

\(=\left(4x+4-10x-15\right)\left(4x+4+10x+15\right)\)

\(=\left(-6x-11\right)\left(14x+19\right)\)

c) Ta có: \(x^{16}-1\)

\(=\left(x^8+1\right)\left(x^8-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+1\right)\)

d) Ta có: \(49\left(x+y\right)^2-36\left(2x+3y\right)^2\)

\(=\left[7\left(x+y\right)\right]^2-\left[6\left(2x+3y\right)\right]^2\)

\(=\left(7x+7y\right)^2-\left(12x+18y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(7x+7y-12x-18y\right)\left(7x+7y+12x+18y\right)\)

\(=\left(-5x-11y\right)\left(19x+25y\right)\)

e) Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-2\cdot\left(x+y\right)\cdot1+1^2\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)^2\)

f) Ta có: \(x^6-8\)

\(=\left(x^2\right)^3-2^3\)

\(=\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^4+2x^2+4\right)\)