Read the learn this! box. Underline an affirmative, a negative and an interrogative example of used to in the dialogue in exercise 1.
Read the Learn this! box. Then underline an example of each of the uses of will and be going to in the dialogue.
Leah: What are you up to at 1 the weekend, Toby?
Toby: I’m going to go for 2 a bike ride on Saturday. Do you fancy coming, too?
Leah: I can’t, I’m afraid. I'm going to help my dad with some gardening. We're going to do some work for a neighbor.
Toby: That doesn't sound like 3 the best way to spend your weekend. Gardening is 4 - hard work! And according to the forecast, 5 the weather isn't going to be good.
Leah: I know. But 6 the neighbor is going to pay us for it. My dad’s 7 a gardener, so he's got the right tools.
Toby: Really? I'll come and help you. I mean, if that's OK with you and your dad…
Leah: Sure. We’ll share 8 - money with you. £10 9an hour. But what about 10the bike ride?
Toby: I’ll go on Sunday instead. The weather will probably be better than. Do you want to come?
Leah: Yes, please. I love 11 - bike rides. But let's go in 12the afternoon. I will be exhausted when I wake up!
- I’m going to go for a bike ride on Saturday.
(Tôi sẽ đi đạp xe vào thứ Bảy.)
=> be going to diễn tả một kế hoạch đã được quyết định từ trước.
- I'm going to help my dad with some gardening. We're going to do some work for a neighbor.
(Tôi sẽ giúp bố tôi làm vườn. Chúng tôi sẽ làm một số công việc cho một người hàng xóm.)
=> be going to diễn tả một kế hoạch đã được quyết định từ trước.
- And according to the forecast,the weather isn't going to be good.
(Và theo dự báo, thời tiết sẽ không tốt.)
=> be going to diễn tả một dự đoán dựa trên thông tin dự báo thời tiết.
- But the neighbor is going to pay us for it.
(Nhưng người hàng xóm sẽ trả tiền cho chúng tôi.)
=> be going to diễn tả một dự đoán dựa trên những thông tin nghe được.
- I'll come and help you.
(Tôi sẽ đến và giúp bạn.)
=> will diễn tả quyết định phải làm gì khi đang nói.
- We’ll share money with you
(Chúng tôi sẽ chia tiền với bạn)
=> will diễn tả quyết định phải làm gì khi đang nói.
- I’ll go on Sunday instead. The weather will probably be better than.
(Tôi sẽ đi vào chủ nhật để thay thế. Thời tiết có lẽ sẽ tốt hơn)
=> will diễn tả quyết định phải làm gì khi đang nói.
- I will be exhausted when I wake up!
(Tôi sẽ kiệt sức khi thức dậy!)
=> will diễn tả một sự việc mang tính phỏng đoán.
Read the Leam this! box. Underline an example of the present perfect simple for a completed action in exercise 2.
LEARN THIS! Present perfect simple We use the present perfect simple a. for completed actions. I've set up a Twitter account. Will you follow me? b. when we say how often something has happened. Our team has won three times this season. c. with verbs that are not used in continuous tenses. I've owed him £50 since the summer. |
Ellie: At last! I've been waiting for ages. Where have you been? What have you been doing?
Jack: My bus didn't come. I've been trying to phone you since 7.30...
Ellie: You're 25 minutes late! The film has started.
Jack: Sorry. Do you still want to see it?
Ellie: Yes, I do. I've been looking forward to it for weeks. It stars my favourite actor. And I've already bought the tickets!
Jack: Let's go inside then.
Ellie: OK. But why is your hair wet? It hasn't been raining.
Jack: That's sweat. I've been running for 25 minutes! And I haven't eaten. Can we see the film later?
Complete the Learn this! box with the tenses below. Then underline an example of each of the rules (a-d) in the text in exercise 2.
past continuous past perfect past simple
LEARN THIS! Past tenses. a. We use the 1_____________ for a sequence of events that happened one after another. In 1989, my parents met, fell in love and got married. b. We use the 2_____________to describe a scene in the past. The events were in progress at the same time. It was raining and people were rushing home from work. c. We use the 3_____________for a single event that interrupted a longer event in the past. We use the 4_____________for the longer event. My parents got engaged while they were living in Wales. d. We use the 5_____________for an event that happened before another event in the past. He had started a business before he left school. |
1 past simple
2 past continuous
3 past simple - past continuous
4 past perfect
Read the Learn this! box. Which examples of do, make and take in the dialogue in exercise 2 match the basic meanings in the Learn this! box?
LEARN THIS! do, make and take The verbs do, make and take are very common in English. They each have a basic meaning: do = to perform an action or activitymake = to create or cause somethingtake = to move something from one place to anotherHowever, the verbs have other meanings and are used in a large number of phrases. Check these in a dictionary. |
Agent: Good morning. What can I 1 do for you?
Woman: Can I ask you about that amazing house that's built on a cliff?
Agent: Yes, of course. You can 2 take a look at some more pictures on my computer. Look at the view from that sofa!
Woman: I love it. Can I 3 make an appointment to look around?
Agent: I'm afraid you can't 4 do that. The house doesn't exist yet! You need to choose a location first. But the house would only 5 take twelve weeks to build.
Woman: I see. I need to find somewhere soon, so I'll have to 6 make up my mind quickly.
Agent: Can I ask what you 7 do?
Woman: I'm a yoga teacher.
Agent: Where do you teach?
Woman: At the local sports centre. But if I moved to a bigger house, I'd want to 8 make one room into a yoga studio.
Agent: Well, this house would be a great place to 9 do yoga! Just 10 take your yoga mat outside onto the cliff. Imagine the sunrise over the waves, the solitude...
Woman: I suppose you would be alone there ... except for all the people who stop to 11 take photos of your house!
Read the Learn this! box. Then look at the compound nouns in exercise 2. Underline at least one example of each type (1, 2 and 3). Which type has the most examples?
LEARN THIS! Compound nouns a. Compound nouns are nouns formed from two words. 1. noun + noun (bathroom, safety barrier) 2. -ing form + noun (dining room, recording studio) 3. adjective + noun (wet room, whiteboard) b. We usually write compound nouns as two words, but sometimes as one word (whiteboard) or with a hyphen (make-up). Check in a dictionary. c. The stress is usually on the first word. |
Type 1: flood lights, football pitch, mountain range, tennis court, safety net, sea shore, tennis player. tower block.
(Loại 1: đèn pha, sân bóng đá, dãy núi, sân tennis, lưới an toàn, bờ biển, người chơi tennis, tòa tháp.)
Type 2: swimming pool.
(Loại 2: bể bơi.)
Type 3: main road.
(Loại 3: đường chính.)
=> Type 1 has the most examples.
(Loại 1 có nhiều ví dụ nhất.)
Find all the examples of the past simple and the present perfect in the article. Complete the rules in the Learn this! box below with present perfect or past simple. Then underline an example of each rule in the article.
LEARN THIS! Present perfect and past simple
a. We use 1___________ to talk about a specific occasion in the past.
b. We use 2___________ to talk about a specific period of time that is still continuing.
c. We use 3___________ to say how long a situation has existed, often with for, since, or how long.
d. We use 4___________to talk about an event that has a strong connection with the present, often with just, already, or yet.
e. We use 5___________to talk about an experience at an unspecified time in the past, often with ever or never.
a. past simple
b. present perfect
c. present perfect
d. present perfect
e. present perfect
Underline examples of the following past simple forms in the dialogue.
1. Regular affirmative
2. Irregular affirmative
3. Negative
4. Interrogative
Dave: Hi, Lan. Did you have a good holiday?
Lan: Yes, it was great, thanks.
Dave: What did you get up to?
Lan: I went on a city break with my family.
Dave: Abroad?
Lan: No, we went to Da Nang.
Dave: Cool. Did you have a good time?
Lan: Yes, we visited Ba Na Hills and Hoi An Ancient Town. We bought a lot of souvenirs.
Dave: Did you go on a boat trip to Cham Island?
Lan: No, the weather was bad. How was your holiday?
Dave: Not bad. But I didn't do much. We didn’t go away. I hung out with my friends. We went to a music festival and we visited a theme park a couple of times.
Lan: Sounds fun.
Dave: Yes, it was OK. Just a shame the holidays weren’t longer!
1. Regular affirmative
(Khẳng định có quy tắc)
- We visited Ba Na Hills.
(Chúng tôi đã đến thăm Bà Nà Hills.)
- We visited a theme park a couple of times.
(Chúng tôi đã đến công viên giải trí một vài lần.)
2. Irregular affirmative
(Khẳng định bất quy tắc)
- It was great.
(Nó thật tuyệt.)
- I went on a city break with my family.
(Tôi đã đi nghỉ ở thành phố với gia đình.)
- we went to Da Nang.
(chúng tôi đã đến Đà Nẵng.)
- We bought a lot of souvenirs.
(Chúng tôi đã mua rất nhiều quà lưu niệm.)
- The weather was bad.
(Thời tiết xấu.)
- I hung out with my friends. We went to a music festival.
(Tôi đi chơi với bạn bè của tôi. Chúng tôi đã đi đến một lễ hội âm nhạc.)
- It was OK.
(Nó ổn.)
3. Negative
(Câu phủ định)
- But I didn't do much. We didn’t go away.
(Nhưng tôi không làm gì nhiều. Chúng tôi đã không đi xa.)
- Just a shame the holidays weren’t longer.
(Chỉ tiếc là kỳ nghỉ không còn nữa.)
4. Interrogative
(Câu nghi vấn)
- Did you have a good holiday?
(Bạn đã có một kỳ nghỉ tốt không?)
- What did you get up to?
(Bạn đã làm gì?)
- Did you have a good time?
(Bạn đã có khoảng thời gian vui vẻ chứ?)
- Did you go on a boat trip to Cham Island?
(Bạn đã đi thuyền ra Cù Lao Chàm chưa?)
- How was your holiday?
(Kỳ nghỉ của bạn thế nào?)
Read the Learn this! box and complete it. Underline one example of I wish... and one example of If only ... in the dialogue.
LEARN THIS! I wish..., If only ... a. We use I wish... and If only... with the past simple to say that we want a situation to be different from how it really is. I wish I 1_____________ a brother. (But I haven't got one.) If only you 2_____________ nearer. (But you live far away.) b. We use / wish... and If only... with wouldn't) + infinitive without to to say that we want somebody to behave differently. I wish you 3_____________ borrow my clothes! It's annoying! If only she 4_____________ spend more time on her homework! |
1. had | 2. lived | 3. wouldn’t | 4. would |
LEARN THIS! I wish..., If only ... a. We use I wish... and If only... with the past simple to say that we want a situation to be different from how it really is. (Chúng ta sử dụng I wish... and If only... với thì quá khứ đơn để nói rằng chúng ta muốn một tình huống khác với thực tế của nó.) I wish I 1 had a brother. (But I haven't got one.) (Tôi ước tôi có một người anh trai. (Nhưng tôi không có.)) If only you 2 lived nearer. (But you live far away.) (Giá như bạn sống gần hơn. (Nhưng bạn sống ở xa.)) b. We use / wish... and If only... with wouldn't) + infinitive without to to say that we want somebody to behave differently. ((Chúng ta sử dụng / wish... và If only... with would not) + nguyên mẫu không có ‘to’ để nói rằng chúng ta muốn ai đó cư xử khác đi.)) I wish you 3 wouldn’t borrow my clothes! It's annoying! (Tôi ước bạn sẽ không mượn quần áo của tôi! Phiền thật đấy!) If only she 4 would spend more time on her homework! (Giá như cô ấy dành nhiều thời gian hơn cho bài tập về nhà!) |
Alfie: This is an amazing place. I wish I lived here.
Macy: Me too. If only I were a member of the Howard family!
Alfie: But if it were my house, I wouldn't allow people to visit.
Macy: That's mean! You'd get bored on your own.
Alfie: Oh, I'd let my friends visit, of course. But not the public.
Macy: If you had a party, you could invite hundreds of people!
Alfie: I know. The parties would be better if I made a few changes, though.
Macy: What kinds of changes?
Alfie: Well, if those trees weren't there, there'd be room for a swimming pool!
Macy: You could make some changes inside as well. I mean, look at this corridor.
Alfie: The Antique Passage, you mean?
Macy: Yes. If you took away all the statues, you could build a great bowling alley there!
Read the Learn this! box and complete it. Underline all the examples of the second conditional in the dialogue.
LEARN THIS! The second conditional We use the second conditional to talk about an imaginary situation or event and its result. We use the 1_________ tense for the situation or event and 2_________+ infinitive without to for the result. |
LEARN THIS! The second conditional (Câu điều kiện loại 2) We use the second conditional to talk about an imaginary situation or event and its result. (Chúng ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2 để nói về một tình huống hoặc sự kiện tưởng tượng và kết quả của nó.) We use the 1 past tense for the situation or event and 2 would / could + infinitive without to for the result. (Chúng ta sử dụng thì 1past cho tình huống hoặc sự kiện và 2 would / could + động từ nguyên thể không có ‘to’ cho kết quả.) |
Alfie: This is an amazing place. I wish I lived here.
Macy: Me too. If only I were a member of the Howard family!
Alfie: But if it were my house, I wouldn't allow people to visit.
Macy: That's mean! You'd get bored on your own.
Alfie: Oh, I'd let my friends visit, of course. But not the public.
Macy: If you had a party, you could invite hundreds of people!
Alfie: I know. The parties would be better if I made a few changes, though.
Macy: What kinds of changes?
Alfie: Well, if those trees weren't there, there'd be room for a swimming pool!
Macy: You could make some changes inside as well. I mean, look at this corridor.
Alfie: The Antique Passage, you mean?
Macy: Yes. If you took away all the statues, you could build a great bowling alley there!