Fe+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

x---2x-----------x

Mg+2HCl->MgCl₂+H₂

y------2y-----------y

Ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=24\\x+y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=0,3 mol, y=0,3 mol

=>%m Fe=\(\dfrac{0,3.56}{24}.100\)=70%

=>%m Mg=100-70=30%

=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,3.2+0,3.2}{2}\)=0,6l=600ml

b)

 XCl₂+2AgNO₃->2AgCl+X(NO₃)₂

0,6--------------------1,2mol

=>m AgCl=1,2.143,5=172,2g

\(m_{Cu}=6.4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=16-6.4=9.6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9.6}{24}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.4........0.8\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.8\cdot36.5=29.2\left(g\right)\)

Đáp án C

Đáp án C

nMg=nFe=9,6/(24+56)=0,12 mol

nO=nH⁺/2=0,36/2=0,18 mol => nO₂=0,09 mol

nCl₂=z

Giả sử trong Y:

Fe²⁺: x

Fe³⁺: y

Cl^-: 2z+0,36 (BTNT Cl)

Fe²⁺ + Ag⁺ → Fe³⁺ + Ag

x                                  x

Ag⁺        +       Cl^- → AgCl

2z+0,36                  2z+0,36

BTNT Fe: x+y=0,12 (1)

BT e: 0,12.2+2x+3y=2z+0,18.2 (2)

m _{kết tủa} = 108x+143,5(2z+0,36) = 85,035 (3)

Giải hệ pt ta được: x=0,03; y=0,09; z=0,105

%V_O2=0,09/(0,09+0,105)=46,15%

.

Đáp án B

a)

\(n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)\\ n_{Mg} = a\ mol; n_{Fe} = b\ mol\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2 \)

Theo PTHH, ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)

Suy ra: 

\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{5,2}.100\% = 46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 46,15\% = 53,85\% \)

b)

\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3(lít) \)

Đặt : 

nMg = a mol 

nFe= b mol 

mhh = 24a + 56b = 5.2 (g) (1) 

Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2

Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2 

nH2 = a + b = 0.15 (2) 

(1) , (2) 

a = 0.1

b = 0.05

%Mg = 2.4/5.2 * 100% = 46.15%

%Fe = 100 - 46.15 = 53.85%

nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.05 * 2 + 0.1*2 = 0.3 (mol) 

VddHCl = 0.3/1=0.3 (l) 

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)  (1)

            \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)  (2)

a) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol của Fe là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)

Gọi số mol của Mg là b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1\cdot24=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{5,2}\cdot100\%\approx53,85\%\\\%m_{Mg}=46,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,1mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{Mg}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)=300\left(ml\right)\)