PTHH : \(Zn+CuSO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+Cu_{\downarrow}\)

PTHH: \(Zn+CuSO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+Cu\)

Phản ứng trên là phản ứng thế

Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{32\cdot10\%}{160}=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu}=n_{Zn}=n_{ZnSO_4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,02\cdot65=1,3\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,02\cdot64=1,28\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=0,02\cdot161=3,22\left(g\right)\\\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{3,22}{32+1,3-1,28}\cdot100\%\approx10,06\%\)

Ta có: \(m_{CuSO_4}=40.10\%=4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+CuSO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+Cu\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Cu}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,025.65=1,625\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 1,625 + 40 - 0,025.64 = 40,025 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.161}{40,025}.100\%\approx10,056\%\)

\(m_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{241,5.10}{100}=24,15\left(g\right)=>n_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{24,15}{161}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3ZnSO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Zn

_____0,1<----0,15-------->0,05----->0,15

=> m_Al = 0,1.27 = 2,7(g)

=> m_Zn = 0,15.65=9,75(g)

b) mdd sau pư = 2,7 + 241,5 - 9,75 = 234,45(g)

=> \(C\%\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)=\dfrac{0,05.342}{234,45}.100\%=7,294\%\)

a)

$Zn + CuSO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + Cu$

b)

Theo PTHH : $n_{Zn} = n_{Cu} = n_{CuSO_4} = 0,25.2 = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{Zn} = 0,5.65 = 32,5(gam)$

$m_{Cu} = 0,5.64 = 32(gam)$

c)

Khối lượng thanh kẽm giảm là $32,5 - 32 = 0,5(gam)$

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.4.......0.8....................0.4\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.8\cdot36.5=29.2\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)

Sau phản ứng, thu được hỗn hợp kim loại, suy ra kẽm dư.

$n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{80.30\%}{160} = 0,15(mol)$

$Zn + CuSO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + Cu$

$n_{Zn\ pư} = n_{CuSO_4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Zn\ pư}  = 0,15.65 = 9,75(gam)$

Sau phản ứng, $m_{dd} = 9,75 + 80 - 0,15.64 = 80,15(gam)$

$C\%_{ZnSO_4} = \dfrac{0,15.161}{80,15}.100\% = 30,13\%$

a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,1      0,2                  0,1

b. \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

c. \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,1      0,2                       0,1

\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3g\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\a, Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b, m_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,1=13,6\left(g\right)\)