\(\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{b+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{c+2}-1\ge2-3\)

\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\)

\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+2a+b^2+2b+c^2+2c}\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm

Phía trên thoả mãn \(\ge1\) chứ không phải 3/2 đâu ạ 

3)

1.

Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số a;b;c luôn có 2 số cùng phía so với \(\dfrac{2}{3}\), không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là b và c

\(\Rightarrow\left(b-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(c-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\ge0\)

Mặt khác \(0\le a\le1\Rightarrow1-a\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(b-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(c-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(1-a\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-abc\ge\dfrac{4a}{9}+\dfrac{2b}{3}+\dfrac{2c}{3}-\dfrac{2ab}{3}-\dfrac{2ac}{3}-bc-\dfrac{4}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-abc\ge-\dfrac{2a}{9}+\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{2ab}{3}-\dfrac{2ac}{3}-bc-\dfrac{4}{9}=-\dfrac{2a}{9}-\dfrac{2ab}{3}-\dfrac{2ac}{3}-bc+\dfrac{8}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2abc\ge-\dfrac{4a}{9}-\dfrac{4ab}{3}-\dfrac{4ac}{3}-2bc+\dfrac{16}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca-2abc\ge-\dfrac{4a}{9}-\dfrac{ab}{3}-\dfrac{ac}{3}-bc+\dfrac{16}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca-2abc\ge-\dfrac{4a}{9}-\dfrac{a}{3}\left(b+c\right)-bc+\dfrac{16}{9}\ge-\dfrac{4a}{9}-\dfrac{a}{3}\left(2-a\right)-\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{16}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca-2abc\ge-\dfrac{4a}{9}+\dfrac{a^2}{3}-\dfrac{2a}{3}-\dfrac{\left(2-a\right)^2}{4}+\dfrac{16}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca-2abc\ge\dfrac{a^2}{12}-\dfrac{a}{9}+\dfrac{7}{9}=\dfrac{1}{12}\left(a-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{20}{27}\ge\dfrac{20}{27}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge2abc+\dfrac{20}{27}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

2.

Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(x+1;y+1;z+1\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z\in\left[0;2\right]\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(P=\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+\left(z+1\right)^3\)

\(P=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12\)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\Rightarrow x\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^3+z^3=\left(y+z\right)^3-3yz\left(y+z\right)\le\left(y+z\right)^3\\y^2+z^2=\left(y+z\right)^2-2yz\le\left(y+z\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le x^3+\left(3-x\right)^3+3x^2+3\left(3-x\right)^2+12\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le15x^2-45x+66=15\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)+36\le36\)

(Do \(1\le x\le2\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\le0\))

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2;1;0\right)\) và các hoán vị hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;2;3\right)\) và các hoán vị

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy- schwarz:

\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}\)\(=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\)\(+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(+\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2007}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}\)

\(=\frac{6030}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge670\)

(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\))

\(ab+1\le b\Rightarrow a+\dfrac{1}{b}\le1\)

Đặt \(\left(a;\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow x+y\le1\)

Gọi vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P:

\(P=x+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y+\dfrac{1}{y^2}=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+8x+8x\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{y^2}+8y+8y\right)-15\left(x+y\right)\)

\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{64x^2}{x^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{64y^2}{y^2}}-15.1=9\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\) hay \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3+ab^2}{a^2+b+b^2}=a-\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b+b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{3}\)

Tương tự: 

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{\Sigma\sqrt[3]{a}}{3}=3-\dfrac{\Sigma\sqrt[3]{a}}{3}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cô si chi 3 số dương, ta có:

\(a+1+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a}\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{3}\le\dfrac{a+2}{9}\)

Tương tự:

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3-\dfrac{a+b+c+6}{9}=3-1=2\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1