a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

0,2                                        0,1

\(NaO+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

b)\(m_{Na}=0,2\cdot23=4,6g\)

   \(m_{NaO}=m_{hh}-m_{Na}=40,5-4,6=35,9g\)

c)\(n_{NaO}=\dfrac{35,9}{39}=0,92mol\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{NaO}=1,84mol\)

   \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=1,84\cdot40=73,6g\)

nNa2O = 6,2 : 62 = 0,1 (mol) 
pthh : Na2O + H2O-t--> 2NaOH
         0,1 -------------------> 0,2 (mol) 
=> mNaOH = 0,2 . 40 = 8 (g) 
           

\(n_K=\dfrac{7,8}{39}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2\) 
          0,2       0,2        0,2               0,1
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(L\right)\) 
     \(m_{H_2O}=0,2.18=3,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{KOH}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\) 

a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

Mol:     0,2                         0,2          0,1

\(\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\)

b,\(m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Al₂O₃ + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

           0,2----->1,2-------->0,4

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{\text{ax}it}=m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(1\\ 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na} = \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{4,6}{23} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ 2\\ P_2O_5 + 3H_2O \to 2H_3PO_4\\ n_{H_3PO_4} = 2.n_{P_2O_5} = 2.\dfrac{14,2}{142} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_3PO_4} = 0,2.98 = 19,6\ gam\)

Câu 1:

PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Câu 2:

PTHH: \(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)

Ta có: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{14,2}{142}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_3PO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_3PO_4}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(a.Ca+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Sigma n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}+n_{CaO}=0,1+0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=14,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\) 
           0,1                     0,1                 0,1  
          \(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)(2)
  \(m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\) 
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(2\right)}=n_{CaO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) 
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,1+0,1\right).74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
 

a) 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2(1)

2K+2H2O→2KOH+H2(2)

b) nNa=\(\dfrac{4,6}{23}\)=0,2(mol)

Theo PTHH (1): nNa:nH2=2:1

⇒nH2(1)=nNa.12=0,2.12=0,1(mol)

⇒VH2(1)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)

nK=\(\dfrac{3,9}{39}\)=0,1(mol)

Theo PTHH (2): nK:nH2=2:1

⇒nH2(2)=nK.12=0,1.12=0,05(mol)

⇒VH2(2)=0,05.22,4=1,12(l)

⇒Vh2=2,24+1,12=3,36(l)

c) Dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng làm giấy quỳ tím chuyển đổi thành màu xanh vì nó là dung dịch bazơ.

d)

Fe2O3+3H2-to>2Fe+3H2O

              0,15------0,1

n Fe2O3=0,1 mol

=>Fe2O3 dư

=>m Fe=0,1.56=5,6g

a,2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2

2K+2H2O→2KOH+H2

b)n_Na=4,6/23=0,2(mol)

nK=3,9/39=0,1(mol)

nH2=1/2.(0,2+0,1)=0,15(mol)

⇒VH2(đktc)=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)

c,Dung dịch sau phản ứng có KOH và NaOH đều là kiềm.

⇒Quỳ tím hoá xanh