\(A=x^2-4xy+4y^2+x^2+2x+1+2018\)

\(A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2018\ge2018\)

\(A_{min}=2018\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(B=-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2029\)

\(B=-\left(2x+y\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2+2029\le2029\)

\(B_{max}=2029\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1

a) \(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=2x^2+x-1=2\left(x^2+\frac{x}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\frac{1}{4}.x+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{9}{16}\right)\)\(=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\)

Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\ge-\frac{9}{8}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{4}\)

Vậy minA=-9/8 khi x=-1/4

b)\(B=4x^2-4xy+2y^2+1=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+y^2+1=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\)

Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-y\right)^2\ge0\\y^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2\ge0\Rightarrow B=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (2x-y)²=y²=0 <=> 2x-y=y=0 <=> x=y=0

Vậy minB=1 khi x=y=0

lý luận tương tự bài 1, bài này mình làm tắt

Bài 2:

a) \(C=5x-3x^2+2=-\left(3x^2-5x-2\right)=-3\left(x^2-\frac{5}{3}x-\frac{2}{3}\right)\)

\(=-3\left(x^2-2.\frac{5}{6}.x+\frac{25}{35}-\frac{49}{36}\right)=-3\left[\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{49}{36}\right]=\frac{49}{12}-3\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2\le\frac{49}{12}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=5/6

b)\(D=-8x^2+4xy-y^2+3=3-\left(8x^2-4xy+y^2\right)=3-\left[\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+4x^2\right]\)

\(=3-\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+4x^2\right]\le3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=0

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Ta có: \(P=\left[-\left(4x^2-2.2x.y+y^2\right)-6\left(2x-y\right)-9\right]-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-15\)

\(=-\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+2.\left(2x-y\right).3+9\right]-\left(x-2\right)^2-15\)

\(=-\left(2x-y+3\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2-15\le-15\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 2\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=2x+3=7\end{cases}}\)

Vậy...