a2 – b2 – 4a + 4

= a2 – 4a + 4 – b2

= (a – 2)2 – b2

= (a – 2 + b)(a – 2 – b)

= (a + b – 2)(a – b – 2)

Lời giải:

$x^2-y^2+a^2-b^2+2ax+2by=(x^2+a^2+2ax)-(y^2+b^2-2by)$

$=(x+a)^2-(y-b)^2=(x+a-y+b)(x+a+y-b)$

b) \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-4a^2b^2\)

\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a-b\right)^2\cdot\left(a+b\right)^2\)

c) \(a^4-b^4=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)

a) \(y^4-y^3+y^2-y\)

\(=y^3\left(y-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\)

\(=y\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\)

d) \(64m^3+8y^3=\left(4m+2y\right)\left(16m^2-8my+4y^2\right)\)

a) x²-4y²-x++2y

= x²-(2y)²-x+2y

= (x-2y)(x+2y)-(x-2y)

=(x-2y)(x+2y-1)

đây là hằng đẳng thức

\(a^3+6a^2+12a+8=a^3+3.2.a^2+3.2^2.a+2^3=\left(a+2\right)^3\)

=a³ + 3.2.a² + 3.2².a² + 2³  

=( a + 2 )³

a³ + 6a² + 12a +8

= a³ + 3.2a² + 3 . 2² . a + 2³

= ( a + 2 )³

a,\(5ab-45a^3b\)

=\(5ab\left(1-9a^2\right)\)

=\(5ab\left(1-3a\right)\left(1+3a\right)\)

b,\(3a-6ab+5-10b\)

=\(\left(3a-6ab\right)+\left(5-10b\right)\)

=\(3a\left(1-2b\right)+5\left(1-2b\right)\)

=\(\left(1-2b\right)\left(3a+5\right)\)

c,\(a^2-7ab-2a+14b\)

=\(\left(a^2-7ab\right)-\left(2a-14b\right)\)

=\(a\left(a-7b\right)-2\left(a-7b\right)\)

=\(\left(a-7b\right)\left(a-2\right)\)

d,\(4a^2-8b+4a-8ab\)

=\(\left(4a^2-8ab\right)+\left(4a-8b\right)\)

=\(4a\left(a-2b\right)+4\left(a-2b\right)\)

=\(\left(a-2b\right)\left(4a+4\right)\)

=\(4\left(a-2b\right)\left(a+1\right)\)

e,\(a^2-5a+15b-9b^2\)

=\(\left(a^2-9b^2\right)-\left(5a-15b\right)\)

=\(\left(a-3b\right)\left(a+3b\right)-5\left(a-3b\right)\)

=\(\left(a-3b\right)\left(a+3b-5\right)\)

\(x^2y^2+2x^2+y^2+2\)

\(=x^2\left(y^2+2\right)+\left(y^2+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+2\right)\)

\(a^2-b^2+a-b\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a-b\right)\)

\(a,x^2y^2+2x^2+y^2+2\)

\(=y^2\left(x^2+1\right)+2\left(x^2+1\right)\)

\(=\left(y^2+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)

\(b,a^2-b^2+a-b\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+1\right)\)

a.
=y²(x²+1)+2(x²+1)

=(x²+1)(y²+2)

b.
=(a-b)(a+b)+(a-b)
=(a-b)(a+b+1)

a,x(x+y)-5x-5y

=x(x+y)-5(x+y)

=(x+y)(x-5)

b,3x-5y-6ax+10ay

=(3x-6ax)-(5y-10ay)

=3x(1-2a)-5y(1-2a)

=(1-2a)(3x-5y)

c,a²-6a-b²+6b

=(a²-b²)-(6a-6b)

=(a-b)(a+b)-6(a-b)

=(a-b)(a+b-6)

d,100a²-20a-2b-b²

=(100a²-b²)-(20a+2b)

=(10a-b)(10a+b)-2(10a+b)

=(10a+b)(10a-b-2)

e,36x²-12x+1-b²

=(36x²-12x+1)-b²

=(6x-1)²-b²

=(6x-1-b)(6x-1+b)

f,x²-z²+y²-2xy

=(x²-2xy+y²)-z²

=(x-y)²-z²

=(x-y-z)(x-y+z)

a) Cách 1.

Ta có 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz = (2xy + xz) + (3z + 6y)

= x(2 y + z)+3(z + 2 y) = (z + 2y)(x + 3).

Cách 2.

Ta có 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz = (2x1/ + 6y) + (3z + xz)

= 2y(x + 3) + z(3 + x) = (z + 2y)(x + 3).

b) Biến đổi được a 4   -   9 rt 3   +   a 2 -9a = (a- 9)a( a 2  +1).

c) Biến đổi được 3 x 2  + 5y - 3xy + (-5x) = (x - y)(3x - 5).

d) Biến đổi được  x 2  - (a + b)x + ab = (x- a)(x - b).

e) Ta có 4 x 2 - 4xy + y 2   –   9 t 2 =  ( 2 x   -   y ) 2   -   ( 3 t ) 2

= (2x - y - 3t )(2x - y + 31).

g) Ta có  x 3   -   3 x 2 y   +   3 xy 2   -   y 3   -   z 3

= ( x   -   y ) 3   -   z 3 = (x - y - z)( x 2   +   y 2   +   z 2  - 2xy + xz - yz).

h) Ta có x 2   -   y 2 + 8x + 6y+ 7 = ( x 2  +8x + 16) - ( y 2  - 6y+ 9)

= ( x   +   4 ) 2   - ( y - 3 ) 2  =(x-y + 7)(x + y + l).