`Answer:`

 \(S=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}\)

a) Ta thấy:

\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}>\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}>\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{1}{9}+...+\frac{1}{16}>8.\frac{1}{16}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\frac{1}{17}+\frac{1}{18}+...+\frac{1}{32}>16.\frac{1}{32}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)

b) Ta thấy:

\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}< 3.\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{11}< 6.\frac{1}{6}\)

\(\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{23}< 12.\frac{1}{12}\)

\(\frac{1}{24}+...+\frac{1}{32}< 9.\frac{1}{24}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}+1+1+1+\frac{9}{24}=\frac{31}{8}< \frac{9}{2}\)

ta xét tổng của 1/31+...+1/40

tiếp tục 1/41+..+1/50

1/51+...+1/60

Trong 4 dãy số trên ta có 1/31> 1/32>1/33>...>1/41

=> Tổng trên < 10/31

cứ tiếp tục xét ta được S< 10/31+10/41+10/51<4/5

=> S < 4/5

Xét tương tự ta sẽ có S > 3/5

S = (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) + (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) + (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60)

Mà : (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) > 1/40 x 10 = 1/4 (gồm 10 số hạng) Tương tự : (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) > 1/5 ; (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60) > 1/6 S > 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6.

Trong khi đó (1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6) > 3/5 =>S > 3/5 (1) S = (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) + (1/41 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/50) + (1/51 + 1/52+...+1/59+1/60) Mà : (1/31+1/32+1/33+...+1/40) < 1/31 x 10 = 10/30 = 1/3 (gồm 10 số hạng) => S < 4/5 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) => 3/5 <S<4/5

\(S=\left(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{51}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)\)

Mà \(\left(\frac{1}{31}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)>\frac{1}{40}\cdot10=\frac{1}{4}\)

Tương tự : \(\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)>\frac{1}{5}\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{51}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)>\frac{1}{6}\)

\(S>\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}>\frac{3}{5}\)(*1)

Mặt khác:\(\left(\frac{1}{31}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)< \frac{1}{31}\cdot10=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{4}{5}\)(*2)

Từ (*1)(*2)= 3/5<S<4/5