\(n_{HCl}=1,5.0,4=0,6(mol)\\ X+HCl\to muối+H_2\)

Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=0,3(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\\BTKL:m_A+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối}=35+0,6.36,5-0,3.2=56,3(g)\)

nHCl = 0.4 * 2.75 = 1.1 (mol) 

=> nH2 = nHCl/2 = 0.55 (mol) 

VH2 = 12.32 (l) 

BTKL : 

mA + mHCl = mX + mH2 

25.3 + 1.1*36.5 = mX + 1.1 

=> mX = 64.35 (g) 

Ta có: n_N2 = 0,22 (mol)

⇒ n_NO3^- = 10n_N2 = 2,2 (mol)

⇒ m _muối = m_X + m_NO3^- = 31 + 2,2.62 = 167,4 (g)

n_HNO3 = 12n_N2 = 2,64 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{2,64}{2}=1,32\left(l\right)=1320\left(ml\right)\)

Đặt CT chung 3 KL là R có hóa trị chung là n

\(PTHH:4R+nO_2\xrightarrow{t^o}R_2O_n\\ R_2O_n+nH_2SO_4\to R_2(SO_4)_n+nH_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2O}\\ \text {Bảo toàn KL: }m_{R_2O_n}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{R_2(SO_4)_3}+m_{H_2O}\\ \Rightarrow 2,8+98n_{H_2SO_4}=6,8+18n_{H_2SO_4}\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{1}=0,05(l)=50(ml)\\ \text {Ta có: }n_{O_2}=\dfrac{n_{R_2O_3}}{2}.n;n_{R_2O_3}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{n}\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO4}}{2}=0,025(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,025.32=0,8(g)\\ \text {Bảo toàn KL: }m=m_R+m_{O_2}=m_{R_2O_n}\\ \Rightarrow m=m_R=2,8-0,8=2(g)\)

Sơ đồ:

\(24,5g\left(A\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Cu\\Ag\end{matrix}\right.\xrightarrow[1,6M]{+HNO_3}\left(B\right)\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe^{3+}\\Cu^{2+}\\Ag^+\\NO_3^-\end{matrix}\right.+NO:6,372l\)

\(n_{NO}=\dfrac{6,272}{22,4}=0,28mol\\ BTe:3n_{Fe}+2n_{Cu}+n_{Ag}=3n_{NO}=3.0,28=0,84mol\\ m=24,5+0,84.62=76,58g\)

\(BTNT\left(N\right):n_{HNO_3}=n_{NO_3^-}+n_{NO}\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{HNO_3}=0,84+0,28\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{HNO_3}=1,12mol\\ \\ V=V_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{1,12}{1,6}=0,7l=700ml\)

Bài 3:

\(n_{H_2N-CH_2-COOH}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,15.1,8=0,27\left(mol\right)\\ H_2N-CH_2-COOH+HCl\rightarrow ClH_3N-CH_2-COOH\left(1\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,12}{1}< \dfrac{0,27}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ 2KOH+ClH_3N-CH_2-COOH\rightarrow H_2N-CH_2-COOK+KCl+2H_2O\left(2\right)\\ KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\left(3\right)\\n_{KOH\left(2\right)}=2.n_{glyxin}=2.0,12=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=0,27-0,12=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KOH\left(3\right)}=n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH\left(tổng\right)}=n_{KOH\left(2\right)}+n_{KOH\left(3\right)}=0,24+0,15=0,39\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.C\)

Bài 5:

\(Zn+Cu^{2+}\rightarrow Zn^{2+}+Cu\\ Đặt:n_{Zn}=n_{Cu}=n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_3}=k\left(mol\right)\\ Ta.có:m_{giảm}=m_{Zn}-m_{Cu}\\ \Leftrightarrow0,01=65k-64k\\ \Leftrightarrow k=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=188k=188.0,01=1,88\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.B\)

Bài 4:

\(n_{Glu}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=n_{H_2O}=2a\left(mol\right)\\ ĐLTBTKL:\\ 147a+2a.56=147.a+6,84+18.2a\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,09\\ \Rightarrow m_{axit.glutamic}=147.0,09=13,23\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow Chọn.D\)

\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{17,6-12,8}{32} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O(oxit)} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,3(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ 2H^+ + O^{2-} \to H_2O\\ 2H^+ + 2e \to H_2\\ n_{H^+} = 2n_O+ 2n_{H_2} = 0,3.2 + 0,1.2 = 0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+} = 0,4(mol)\\ V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} = 0,8(lít) = 800(ml)\)