a) \(x\left(x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\left(-7-x\right)\left(-x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-7-x=0\\-x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-7\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-7\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+12\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x^2+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x^2=-12\text{(vô lý)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=3\)

e) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1\ge0\\2-x\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1\le0\\2-x\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\x\le2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-1\\x\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1\le x\le2\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le x\le2\)

f) \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3\le0\\x-5\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3\ge0\\x-5\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le3\\x\ge5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge3\\x\le5\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow3\le x\le5\)

a) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

b => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}-7-x=0\\-x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-7\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x^2+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x^2=-12\end{matrix}\right.\)(vô lí) => x=3

c) => \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

a. Áp dụng TCDTSBN:

\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{2}{5}\Rightarrow \frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{2x}{4}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{2x-y}{4-5}=\frac{3}{-1}=-3\)

$\Rightarrow x=-3.2=-6; y=-3.5=-15$

b. Áp dụng TCDTSBN:

$\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}; \frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{7}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{21}$

$=\frac{2x}{16}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{2x-y+z}{16-12+21}=\frac{50}{25}=2$

$\Rightarrow x=8.2=16; y=2.12=24; z=2.21=42$

c.

$\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x^2}{4}=\frac{y^2}{9}=\frac{z^2}{16}=\frac{2z^2}{32}$

$=\frac{x^2-y^2+2z^2}{4-9+32}=\frac{108}{27}=4$

$\Rightarrow x^2=4.4=16; y^2=9.4=36; z^2=4.4=16$

Kết hợp với đkxđ suy ra:
$(x,y,z)=(4,6,4); (-4; -6; -4)$

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x+3\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;3;-3;4;-4;6;-6;12;-12\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{-2;-4;-1;-5;0;-6;1;-7;3;-9;9;-15\right\}\)

\(a,\Leftrightarrow6x^2-6x^2-11x+10=-12\\ \Leftrightarrow-11x=-22\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\\ b,\Leftrightarrow x^3+27-x^3-2x=12-5x\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=-15\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-5\\ c,\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x-16=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-8\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: ta có: \(6x^2-\left(2x+5\right)\left(3x-2\right)=-12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-6x^2+4x-15x+10=-12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-11x=-22\)

hay x=2

b: Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-x\left(x^2+2\right)=12-5x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+27-x^3-2x+5x=12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-5\)

a)  (x - 3)² - 5.(x - 2) + 5 = 0.

<=> x^2 - 6x + 9 - 5x + 10 + 5 = 0

<=> x^2 - 11x + 24 = 0

<=> (x-3)(x-8)=0

<=> x = 3 hoặc x = 8

b) (2x - 1)² - 3.(x - 2).(x + 2) - 25 = 0.

<=> 4x^2 - 4x + 1 - 3x^2 + 12 - 25 = 0

<=> x² - 4x - 12 = 0

<=> (x+2)(x-6) = 0

<=> x = -2 hoặc x = 6

d)  x² - 4x + 5 = 0.

<=> (x - 2)² = -1 (vô lý)

Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm

\(a,\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=-3\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2\right)\left(6x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\6x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2013\right)\left(4x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2013\\x=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=7\\2x-3=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(2x+7\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x-5\right)+2\left(x-5\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, ⇒ (2x - 3)² = 49

    ⇒  (2x - 3)² = \(\left(\pm7\right)^2\)

    ⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=7\\2x-3=-7\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=10\\2x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, ⇒ 2x.(x - 5) + 7.(x - 5) = 0

    ⇒ (x - 5).(2x + 7)  = 0

    ⇒ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\2x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, ⇒ x² - 5x + 2x - 10 = 0

    ⇒ (x² - 5x) + (2x - 10) = 0

    ⇒ x.(x - 5) +2.(x - 5)    = 0

    ⇒ (x - 5).(x + 2)=0

    \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(4x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=-16\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2+x-6-4x^2+22x-10=-16\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2-23x=0\Rightarrow x\left(2x-23\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(7x^2-7=x^2-2x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(7x+7-x+1\right)=0\Rightarrow2\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(4x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=-16\)

 \(2x^2+x-6-4x^2+22x-10=-16\)

 \(-2x^2+23x-16=-16\)

\(23x-2x^2=0\)

\(x\left(23-2x\right)=0\)

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(7x^2-7=x^2-2x+1\)

\(7\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(7\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\left(7x+7\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\left(x-1\right)\left(7x+7-x+1\right)=0\)

\(\left(x-1\right)\left(6x+8\right)=0\)

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: =>3x+3=5x-25

=>-2x=-28

hay x=14

b: =>3x+6=-4x+20

=>7x=14

hay x=2

\((2x-1)^2+(x+3)^2-5(x+7)(x-7)=0\)

\(< =>4x^2-4x+1+x^2+6x+9-5\left(x^2-7^2\right)=0\\ < =>4x^2-4x+1+x^2+6x+9-5x^2+245=0\\ < =>2x+255=0\\ < =>2x=-255=>x=\dfrac{-255}{2}\)

Vậy \(x=\dfrac{-255}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow4x^2-4x+1+x^2+6x+9-5x^2+245=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2x+255=0\Rightarrow2x=-255\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{255}{2}\)