\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=2.36,5=73g\)

=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{73}{73+327}\times100\%=18,25\%\)

b. 

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.18,25\%}{36,5}=1,25mol\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,5mol\)

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,5mol\)

\(n_{HClpu}=0,5.2=1mol\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCldu}=1,25-1=0,25\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddpu}=50+250-0,5.44=278g\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{278}.100\%=3,28\%\)

\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.111}{278}.100\%=19,96\%\)

Đáp án A

\(m_{NaOH\left(A\right)}=20.5\%=1\left(g\right)\)

Trong B:  

gọi x là khối lượng Na2O thêm vào , x>0 (g)

\(10\%=\dfrac{\dfrac{80}{62}x+1}{x+20}\)

\(\rightarrow x=0,84\left(g\right)\)

Vậy khối Na2O thêm vào dd A là 0,84 (g) 

b, \(m_{KOH\left(A\right)}=2\%.20=0,4\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{KOH\left(B\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{20+0,84}.100\%=1,92\%\)

\(n_K=\dfrac{5,85}{39}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2K + 2H₂O --> 2KOH + H₂

_____0,15------------->0,15-->0,075

=> V_H2 = 0,075.22,4  =1,68(l)

mdd = 5,85 + 100 - 0,075.2 = 105,7(g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{0,15.56}{105,7}.100\%=7,95\%\)

a) nMg= 3,6/24=0,15(mol)

nHCl= (300.7,3%)/36,5= 0,6(mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

Ta có: 0,15/1 < 0,6/2

=> HCl dư, Mg hết => Tính theo nMg.

 nY=nH2=nMgCl2=nMg=0,15(mol)

=>V(Y,đktc)=V(H2,đktc)=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)

b) mMgCl2=0,15.95= 14,25(g)

nHCl(dư)= 0,6- 0,15.2=0,3(mol)

=>mHCl(dư)=0,3.36,5= 10,95(g)

mddsau= mMg + mddHCl - mH2= 3,6+ 300 - 0,15.2= 303,3(g)

=>C%ddHCl(dư)= (10,95/303,3).100= 3,610%

C%ddMgCl2= (14,25/303,3).100=4,698%

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{109,5\cdot10\%}{100\%}=10,95\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ \text{Vì }\dfrac{n_{Mg}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\text{ nên sau p/ứ }HCl\text{ dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(b,n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{MgCl_2}}=0,1\cdot95=9,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=2,4+109,5-0,2=111,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{111,7}\cdot100\%\approx8,5\%\)

a) $CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{10}{100} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaCO_3} = 0,2(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,25} = 0,8M$

c) $CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
$n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{CaCO_3} = 0,1.100 = 10(gam)$

a) \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2.\dfrac{11,16}{62}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,32.40}{11,16+88,84}.100=12,8\%\)

b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{4,48}{56}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,08.22,4=1,792\left(lít\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,16.36,5}{7,3\%}=80\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsaupu}=4,48+80-0,08.2=84,32\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,08.127}{84,32}.100=12,05\%\)

Đáp án A

Khi thêm lượng dư HCl vào Y thấy có khí thoát ra

=> Trong Y có (NH₄)₂CO₃ => X là HCHO

  ⇒ n H C H O = 1 3 n A g = 1 ( m o l )   ⇒ m H C H O = 30 ( g ) ⇒ a % = 30 150 = 20

a) \(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{23,64}{197}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố Ba => \(n_{Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=0,15-0,12=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố C: \(n_{CO_2}=0,12+0,03.2=0,18\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,18.22,4=4,032\left(l\right)\)

b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố C : \(n_{CO_2}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{CaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có : \(\dfrac{18,4}{100}< a< \dfrac{18,4}{84}\)

=> \(0,184< a< 0,22\)

\(n_{OH^-}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Lập T: \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,22}< T< \dfrac{0,3}{0,184}\)

=>\(1,36< T< 1,63\)

Do 1< \(1,36< T< 1,63\) <2

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