a/

\(\Leftrightarrow1+cos2x+cos3x+cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x+2cos2x.cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx\left(cosx+cos2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx\left(2cos^2x+cosx-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=-1\\cosx=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b/

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin3x.cosx+sin3x=2cos3x.cosx+cos3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin3x\left(2cosx+1\right)-cos3x\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sin3x-cos3x\right)\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(3x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\left(2cosx+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin\left(3x-\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\\cosx=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)

c/

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}cos2x+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}cos6x=1-cos4x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos6x+cos2x-2cos4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos4x.cos2x-2cos4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos4x\left(cos2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=0\\cos2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)

ĐK: \(x\ne k\pi\)

\(\dfrac{1+sin2x+cos2x}{1+cot^2x}=sinx.\left(sin2x+2sin^2x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+sin2x+cos2x}{\dfrac{cos^2x+sin^2x}{sin^2x}}=sinx.\left(2sinx.cosx+2sin^2x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+sin2x+cos2x}{\dfrac{1}{sin^2x}}=2sin^2x.\left(cosx+sinx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+sin2x+cos2x=2cosx+2sinx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+2sinx.cosx+2cos^2x-1=2cosx+2sinx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-1\right).\left(sinx+cosx\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cosx-1\right).sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=1\\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}=k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos6x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=cos6x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}6x=2x+k2\pi\\6x=-2x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=k2\pi\\8x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos4x+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos6x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x+cos6x+cos4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2cos4x.cos2x+cos4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x\left(2cos2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=0\\cos2x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\2x=\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\2x=-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(sin^2x+sin^22x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x-1+2sin^22x-2=-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-cos2x-2cos^22x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(cos2x+1\right)\left(2cos2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=-1\\cos2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\pi+k2\pi\\2x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^3x+1-sin^2x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x\left(2sinx-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(sin^2x+\sqrt{3}sinxcosx=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^2x+\sqrt{3}sinxcosx=sin^2x+cos^2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}cosx=0\\\sqrt{3}sinx=cosx\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}cosx=0\\tanx=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\end{cases}}\)

Từ đây suy ra nghiệm. 

Dễ nhận thấy pt này có một nghiệm là 1 nên ta sẽ tạo nhân tử là x-1

Ta có: \(2x^4+4x^3-7x^2-5x+6=0\)

<=>  \(\left(2x^4-2x^3\right)+\left(6x^3-6x^2\right)-\left(x^2-x\right)-\left(6x-6\right)=0\)

<=>    \(2x^3\left(x-1\right)+6x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

<=>  \(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x^3+6x^2-x-6\right)=0\)

<=>  \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\2x^3+6x-x-6=0\end{cases}}\)

Bạn có thể giải pt 2x³+6x-x-6=0 bằng pp Cardano nha, cm dài lắm

Ta tách được \(2x^4+4x^3-7x^2-5x+6=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(2x^3+6x-x-6\right)=0\)

Vậy pt có 1 nghiệm x= 1.

Ta giải pt bậc ba theo công thức Cardano:

\(2x^3+6x^2-x-6=0\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2-\frac{1}{2}x-3=0\)

Đặt \(x=y-1\Rightarrow y^3-\frac{7}{2}y-\frac{1}{2}=0\left(2\right)\)

\(\Delta=27\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)^2-4\left(\frac{7}{2}\right)^3=-\frac{659}{4}< 0\)

Vậy pt (2) có 3 nghiệm phân biệt thuộc khoảng \(\left(-\frac{\sqrt{42}}{3};\frac{\sqrt{42}}{3}\right)\)

Đặt \(y=\frac{\sqrt{42}}{3}cost\left(t\in\left(0;\pi\right)\right)\). Thay vào pt(2) ta có: \(cos\left(3t\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{42}}{98}\)

Ta tìm được 3 nghiệm t thuộc khoảng \(\left(0;\pi\right)\), sau đó tìm cost rồi suy ra y và x.

Cô tìm một nghiệm để giúp em kiểm chứng nhé. Em có thể thay giá trị nghiệm để kiểm tra.

\(cos\left(3t\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{42}}{98}\Rightarrow t=\frac{arccos\left(\frac{3\sqrt{42}}{98}\right)}{3}\Rightarrow y=\frac{\sqrt{42}}{3}.cos\frac{arccos\left(\frac{3\sqrt{42}}{98}\right)}{3}\)

Vậy \(x=\frac{\sqrt{42}}{3}.cos\frac{arccos\left(\frac{3\sqrt{42}}{98}\right)}{3}-1\). Đó là một nghiệm, em có thể tìm 2 nghiệm còn lại bằng cách tương tự.

\(2x^4+4x^3-7x^2-5x+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(2x^4-2x^3\right)+\left(6x^3-6x^2\right)-\left(x^2-x\right)-\left(6x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^3\left(x-1\right)+6x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-1\right)\left(2x^3+6x^2-x-6\right)=0\)

Vậy \(x=1\) hoặc \(2x^3+6x^2-x-6=0\)

Dùng MTBT giải phương trình trên ta nhận thêm được 3 nghiệm: x₁ = 0,94; x₂ = -1,14; x₃ = -2,79.

\(a\text{) }sin^3x+cos^3x=sinx+cosx\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x-sinx\cdot cosx+cos^2x\right)=sinx+cosx\\ \Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{2}sin2x\left(sinx+cosx\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=-cosx=sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{2}\right)\\sin2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3\pi}{2}-x+a2\pi\\2x=b\pi\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3\pi}{4}+a\pi\\x=\frac{b\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\text{b) }sin^3x+2sin^2x\cdot cosx-3cos^3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(sin^3x-cos^3x\right)+2cosx\cdot\left(sin^2x-cos^2x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-cosx\right)\left(sinx\cdot cosx+1\right)+\left(sinx-cosx\right)\left(2sinx\cdot cosx+2cos^2x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-cosx\right)\left(3sinx\cdot cosx+1+2cos^2x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-cosx\right)\left(\frac{3}{2}sin2x+2+cos2x\right)=0\)

Với \(sinx-cosx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx=cosx=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{2}-x+a2\pi\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+a\pi\)

Với \(\frac{3}{2}sin2x+2+cos2x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^22x+\left(\frac{3}{2}sin2x+2\right)^2=1\left(VN\right)\)

\(\text{c) }3cos^4x-4cos^2x\cdot sin^2x-sin^4x=0\)

Nhận thấy sinx=0 không là nghiệm pt.

Chia cả 2 vế cho sin⁴x ta được

\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{3cos^4x}{sin^4x}-\frac{4cos^2x}{sin^2x}-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow3cot^4x-4cot^2x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow cot^2x=\frac{2+\sqrt{7}}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow cotx=\pm\sqrt{\frac{2+\sqrt{7}}{3}}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=arccot\left(\pm\sqrt{\frac{2+\sqrt{7}}{3}}\right)+k2\pi\)

d) kiểm tra đề.