1) \(\sqrt[]{3x+7}-5< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{3x+7}< 5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x+7\ge0\cap3x+7< 25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge-\dfrac{7}{3}\cap x< 6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{7}{3}\le x< 6\)

a) \(\sqrt {x + 2}  = x\)

Điều kiện: \(x \ge 0\)

Bình phương 2 vế của phương trình ta được:

\(x + 2 = {x^2} \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - x - 2 = 0\)\( \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - 1\\x = 2\end{array} \right.\)

b) \(\sqrt {2{x^2} + 3x - 2}  = \sqrt {{x^2} + x + 6} \)

Bình phương 2 vế của phương trình ta được:

\(\begin{array}{l}2{x^2} + 3x - 2 = {x^2} + x + 6\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} + 2x - 8 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = 2\\x =  - 4\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

Thay vào bất phương trình \(2{x^2} + 3x - 2 \ge 0\) ta thấy cả 2 nghiệm đều thỏa mãn.

Vậy tập nghiệm là \(S = \left\{ { - 4;2} \right\}\)

c) \(\sqrt {2{x^2} + 3x - 1}  = x + 3\)

Điều kiện: \(x + 3 \ge 0 \Leftrightarrow x \ge  - 3\)

Bình phương 2 vế của phương trình ta được:

\(\begin{array}{l}2{x^2} + 3x - 1 = {\left( {x + 3} \right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 3x - 10 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - 2\left( {tm} \right)\\x = 5\left( {tm} \right)\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm là \(S = \left\{ { - 2;5} \right\}\)

=>\(\dfrac{x^2-3x+6-x^2+3x-3}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+6}-\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=3\)

=>căn x^2-3x+6 - căn x^2-3x+3=1

Đặt x^2-3x+3=a

=>căn a+3-căn a=1

=>a+3+a-2căn a(a+3)=1

=>2căn a(a+3)=2a+3-1=2a+2

=>căn a(a+3)=a+1

=>a^2+3a=a^2+2a+1

=>a=1

=>x^2-3x+2=0

=>x=1 hoặc x=2

1.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{3+\sqrt{41}}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-1+2\sqrt{x\left(x^2-1\right)}=2x^2-3x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-3-2\sqrt{\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x}=a>0\\\sqrt{x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-3b^2-2ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-3b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=3b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x}=3\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=9\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\) (bạn tự hoàn thành nhé)

2.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\) pt trở thành:

\(x^3+3\left(x^2-4a^2\right)a=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3ax^2-4a^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x+2a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=x\\2a=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=x\left(x\ge0\right)\\2\sqrt{x+1}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=x+1\\x^2=4x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-1=0\\x^2-4x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=2-2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x+\left(x+1-\sqrt{3x+1}\right)+\left(x+2-\sqrt{5x+4}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2-x\right)+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)\left(3+\dfrac{1}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

2.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=a\\\sqrt[3]{2-8x^3}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta được hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2a-1\right)b=a\\a^3+b^3=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2ab\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow8\left(ab\right)^3-6\left(ab\right)^2=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left[4\left(ab\right)^2+ab+1\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab=1\Rightarrow a+b=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\ab=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{3}=x+2\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2=x^2+4x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-2=0\\ \Delta=4+8=12\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1-\sqrt{3}\\x=\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{3}}{2}=1+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow3x-2=7-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=9-4\sqrt{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(tm\right)\)

\(c,ĐK:x\ge-1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=2\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=3\left(tm\right)\)