Áp dụng BĐT cô-si cho 2 số không âm ta có:

\(x^2+1\ge2x\)

Dấu "="xảy ra <=>x=1

Tương tự ta có:y²+4>4y

z²+9>6z

Dấu = xảy ra <=>y=2 z=3

=>(x²+1)(y²+4)(z²+9)>2x.4y.6z=48xyz

=>(x²+1)(y²+4)(z²+9)=48xyz

<=>x=1 y=2 z=3

x=y+1=z+2=1

Suy ra A=...

viết sai r`, cho sửa lại

x=1; y=2; z=3 

Áp dụng Cauchy:

\(\left(x^2+1\right)\ge2\sqrt{x^2\cdot1}=2x\)(dấu = khi x=1)

\(\left(y^2+4\right)\ge2\sqrt{y^2\cdot4}=4y\)(dấu = khi y=2)

\(\left(z^2+9\right)\ge2\sqrt{z^2\cdot9}=6z\)(dấu = khi z=3)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+4\right)\left(z^2+9\right)\ge48xyz\)(dấu = khi x=1, y=2, z=3)

ĐK đề bài => x=1, y=2, z=3. Thay x, y, z vào tính được P.

a:

ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};1\right\}\)

 \(y=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-2x-3x+3}\)

=>\(y=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-5x+3}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x^2-4x+4\right)'\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)'}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{4x^3-10x^2+6x-8x^2+20x-12-2x^3+8x^2-8x+5x^2-20x+20}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{2x^3-5x^2-2x+8}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

b:

ĐKXĐ: x<>-3

 \(y=\left(x+3\right)+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\)

=>\(y'=\left(x+3+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'\)

\(=1+\dfrac{4'\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)'}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)

y'=0

=>\(\left(x+3\right)^2-4=0\)

=>\(\left(x+3+2\right)\left(x+3-2\right)=0\)

=>(x+5)(x+1)=0

=>x=-5 hoặc x=-1

c:

ĐKXĐ: x<>-2

 \(y=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+2}\)

=>\(y=\dfrac{5x^2+5x-x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{5x^2+4x-1}{x+2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)'\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)'}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{5x^2+10x+4x+8-5x^2-4x+1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{10x+9}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

\(y'\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{10\cdot\left(-1\right)+9}{\left(-1+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{1}=-1\)

d: 

ĐKXĐ: x<>2

\(y=x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\)

=>\(y'=\left(x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'\)

\(=1+\dfrac{9'\left(x-2\right)-9\left(x-2\right)'}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

y'=0

=>\(\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)

=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-9=0\)

=>(x-2-3)(x-2+3)=0

=>(x-5)(x+1)=0

=>x=5 hoặc x=-1

Lời giải:
$x,y,z>0$ thì $\frac{1}{x}, \frac{1}{y}, \frac{1}{z}$ mới xác định.

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$(x+y+z)(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z})\geq 3\sqrt[3]{xyz}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{xyz}}=9$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$. Thay vào pt $(2)$:

$x^3=x^2+x+2$

$\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-x-2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2(x-2)+x(x-2)+(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (x^2+x+1)(x-2)=0$
Dễ thấy $x^2+x+1>0$ với mọi $x>0$ nên $x-2=0$

$\Rightarrow x=2$
Vậy hpt có nghiệm $(x,y,z)=(2,2,2)$

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=y^3+1\\\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)=z^3+1\\\left(z+1\right)\left(z^2+1\right)=x^3+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+x^2+x=y^3\left(1\right)\\y^3+y^2+y=z^3\\z^3+z^2+z=x^3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giả sử \(x>y\Rightarrow x^3+x^2+x>y^3+y^2+y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3>z^3\Leftrightarrow y>z\left(2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3+y^2+y>z^3+z^2+z\Rightarrow z>x\left(3\right)\)

Từ \(\left(2\right);\left(3\right)\Rightarrow y>x\) (Vô lí)

Giả sử \(x< y\Rightarrow x^3+x^2+x< y^3+y^2+y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3< z^3\Leftrightarrow y< z\left(4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3+y^2+y< z^3+z^2+z\Rightarrow z< x\left(5\right)\)

Từ \(\left(4\right);\left(5\right)\Rightarrow y< x\) (Vô lí)

\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^2+x=x^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\) hoặc \(x=y=z=-1\)