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\(\left(3a+2b\right)\left(3a+2c\right)=16bc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3a+2b}{b}.\dfrac{3a+2c}{c}=16\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2\right)\left(3y+2\right)=16\) với \(x=\dfrac{a}{b};y=\dfrac{a}{c}\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM: \(16=\left(3x+2\right)\left(3y+2\right)\le\dfrac{\left(3x+3y+4\right)^2}{4}\Leftrightarrow x+y\le\dfrac{4}{3}\);

\(xy\le\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\le\dfrac{4}{9}\).

Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{a^2+2a\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+2=\dfrac{xy}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\left(\dfrac{xy}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y}{9xy}\right)+\dfrac{8\left(x+y\right)}{9xy}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y}.\dfrac{x+y}{9xy}}+\dfrac{8\left(x+y\right)}{\dfrac{9\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{32}{9\left(x+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{32}{12}=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{8}{3}=\dfrac{10}{3}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(3a=2b=2c>0\).

Vậy...

\(ab+bc+ca=3abc\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)

Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z>0\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=\dfrac{x}{\left(3-x\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(3-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(3-z\right)^2}\)

Ta có đánh giá sau: \(\dfrac{t}{\left(3-t\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{2t-1}{4};\forall t\in\left(0;3\right)\)

Thực vậy, BĐT đã cho tương đương:

\(4t\ge\left(2t-1\right)\left(3-t\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2t^3+13t^2-20t+9\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9-2t\right)\left(t-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với \(t< 3\))

Áp dụng ta được:

\(P\ge\dfrac{2x-1}{4}+\dfrac{2y-1}{4}+\dfrac{2z-1}{4}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)-3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)

Cách khác:

Sau khi đặt ẩn phụ, ta có:

\(P=\dfrac{x}{\left(3-x\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(3-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(3-z\right)^2}=\dfrac{x}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(z+x\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow3P=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{y}{\left(z+x\right)^2}+\dfrac{z}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)

(BĐT Netsbitt)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)

\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)

\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)

\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)

Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)

\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)

\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)

Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm

\(VP=\frac{6}{\sqrt{\left(3a+bc\right)\left(3b+ca\right)\left(3c+ab\right)}}\)

\(=\frac{6}{\sqrt{\left[\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc\right]\left[\left(a+b+c\right)b+ca\right]\left[\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\right]}}\)

\(=\frac{6}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^2}}=\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

\(VT=\frac{1}{3a+bc}+\frac{1}{3b+ca}+\frac{1}{3c+ab}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)b+ac}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab}\)

\(=\frac{\left(b+c\right)+\left(a+c\right)+\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}=\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

Vậy VT = VP, đẳng thức được chứng minh

\(a;b>0\Rightarrow3a+2b+1>1\)

\(\Rightarrow log_{3a+2b+1}\left(9a^2+b^2+1\right)\) đồng biến

Mà \(9a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{9a^2b^2}=6ab\Rightarrow log_{3a+2b+1}\left(9a^2+b^2+1\right)\ge log_{3a+2b+1}\left(6ab+1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow log_{3a+2b+1}\left(9a^2+b^2+1\right)+log_{6ab+1}\left(3a+2b+1\right)\ge log_{3a+2b+1}\left(6ab+1\right)+log_{6ab+1}\left(3a+2b+1\right)\ge2\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}log_{6ab+1}\left(3a+2b+1\right)=1\\3a=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6ab+1=3a+2b+1\\b=3a\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow18a^2+1=3a+6a+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow18a^2-9a=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

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