\(\sqrt{2a^2+ab+2b^2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\sqrt{2b^2+bc+2c^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(b+c\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2c^2+ca+2a^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(c+a\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^3=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{9}\)

(x−y)2=(x+y)2−4xy=2012−4xy" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">(x−y)2=(x+y)2−4xy=2012−4xy

xy" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">xy, tương đương với việc ta tìm GTLN,GTNN của A=(x−y)2=(|x−y|)2 hay cần tìm GTLN,GTNN của |x−y|

x≥y" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">x≥y thì: x≥101; y≤100

|x−y|=x−y=x+y−2y=201−2y" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">|x−y|=x−y=x+y−2y=201−2y

1≤y≤100" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">1≤y≤100 nên: 1≤|x−y|=201−2y≤199

Lập luận đi ngược lại thì tìm được các cực trị

1/\(=4a^2+4b^2+c^2+8ab-4bc-4ca+4b^2+4c^2+a^2+8bc-4ca-4ab+4a^2+4c^2+b^2+8ca-4bc-4ab=\)

\(=9a^2+9b^2+9c^2=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

2/

Ta có

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge18\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=18\)

(x−y)2=(x+y)2−4xy=2012−4xy" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">(x−y)2=(x+y)2−4xy=2012−4xy

xy" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">xy, tương đương với việc ta tìm GTLN,GTNN của A=(x−y)2=(|x−y|)2 hay cần tìm GTLN,GTNN của |x−y|

x≥y" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">x≥y thì: x≥101; y≤100

|x−y|=x−y=x+y−2y=201−2y" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">|x−y|=x−y=x+y−2y=201−2y

1≤y≤100" role="presentation" style="border:0px; direction:ltr; display:inline-block; float:none; font-size:16.38px; line-height:0; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:1px 0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax_CHTML mjx-chtml">1≤y≤100 nên: 1≤|x−y|=201−2y≤199

Lập luận đi ngược lại thì tìm được các cực trị

dùng cô si thôi

\(a^4+b^2\ge2a^2b;b^4+c^2\ge2b^2c;c^4+a^2\ge2c^2a\)

\(a^2b^2+a^2\ge2a^2b;b^2c^2+b^2\ge2b^2c;c^2a^2+c^2\ge2c^2a\)

từ 2 cái trên =>\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2+3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge6\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)

đặt t=a²+b²+c²\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[2\left(t-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{19}{2}\right]\left(t-3\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2t^3-8t^2-3t+27\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2t^3-3t+27}{2t^2}\ge4\Rightarrow P\ge4\)

sos là ra ez

là sao ?

a)\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a-2\left(ab^2+a^2c+bc^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c^2a-2ca^2+a^3\right)+\left(a^2b-2ab^2+b^3\right)+\left(b^2c-2bc^2+c^3\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)+b\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+c\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(c-a\right)^2+b\left(a-b\right)^2+c\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Dấu "=" <=>a=b=c=1

Câu b để sau đi trời nóng mà máy gõ mãi ko xong 1 dòng chán quá

Hi vọng là tìm GTLN:

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử b, c cùng phía với 1 \(\Rightarrow\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow bc\ge b+c-1\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có: 

\(4=a^2+b^2+c^2+abc\ge a^2+2bc+abc\Leftrightarrow2bc+abc\le4-a^2\Leftrightarrow bc\left(a+2\right)\le\left(2-a\right)\left(a+2\right)\Leftrightarrow bc+a\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\).

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Schwarz ta có:

\(P\le\dfrac{ab}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)+\dfrac{bc}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)+\dfrac{ca}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}.3\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\le1\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.

Ta có: P= \(2a+3b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}\) = \(\text{​​}\text{​​}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)+\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)+\left(a+2b\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\text{​​}\text{​​}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot a}=2\)

             \(\text{​​}\text{​​}\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{b}\cdot b}=4\)

Do đó: P \(\ge2+4+5=11\)

Vậy: P(min)=11  khi:  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=a\\\dfrac{4}{b}=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right..\)