Bài này giải được! 

(Lớp 7)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki cho 4 số ta có:

\(\left(1.\sqrt{a+b}+1.\sqrt{b+c}+1.\sqrt{c+d}+1.\sqrt{d+a}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2\left(a+b+c+d\right)\right)=8\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(1.\sqrt{a+b}+1.\sqrt{b+c}+1.\sqrt{c+d}+1.\sqrt{d+a}\le2\sqrt{2}\)

Xảy ra đẳng thức khi \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+d}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{d+a}}\)và a + b + c + d = 1 <=> a = b = c = d = 1/4

a)Áp dụng AM-GM có:

\(a\sqrt{b-1}\le a.\dfrac{b-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{ab}{2}\)

\(b\sqrt{a-1}\le b.\dfrac{a-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{ab}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le\dfrac{ab}{2}+\dfrac{ab}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=2

b)Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki có:

\(\left(\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{d}\right)^2\)\(\le\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{d}\right)^2\right]=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{d}}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)

\(b,\) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski:

\(\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)=\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{d}\right)^2\right]\\ \ge\left(\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\right)^2\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)

\(VT^2\ge\left(1+1+1+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+c+d}+\frac{c}{d+a+b}+\frac{d}{b+a+c}\right)\ge4.1=4\)

=> VT >/ 2

Dễ CM được \(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+c+d}+\frac{c}{d+a+b}+\frac{d}{b+a+c}\ge1\)

\(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+d}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{c+d+a}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{d+a+b}}+\sqrt{\frac{d}{a+b+c}}\)

\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c+d\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b\left(c+d+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c\left(d+a+b\right)}}+\frac{d}{\sqrt{d\left(a+b+c\right)}}\)

\(\ge\frac{a}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}}+\frac{b}{\frac{b+c+d+a}{2}}+\frac{c}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}}+\frac{d}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{2}}=2\)

Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi a = b + c+ d 

                              b = c+d+a 

                            c = b+a+d

                             d = a+b+c 

Hình như ko có a ; b; c ;d 

Ta có BĐT phụ \(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1-a}\ge4a+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(2\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\ge0\forall\dfrac{1}{4}< a< 0\)

Tương tự cho 3 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:

\(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1-b}\ge4b+1;\dfrac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1-c}\ge4c+1;\dfrac{1+\sqrt{d}}{1-d}\ge4d+1\)

Cộng theo vế 4 BĐT trên ta có:

\(VT\ge4\left(a+b+c+d\right)+4=8=VP\)

Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Ta cần chứng minh :

\(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1-a}\ge4a+1\) \(\forall a\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+\sqrt{a}\ge\left(4a+1\right)\left(1-a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+\sqrt{a}\ge4a-4a^2+1-a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2-4a-1+a+1+\sqrt{a}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2-3a+\sqrt{a}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a^2-a\right)-\left(2a-\sqrt{a}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2a+\sqrt{a}\right)-\left(2a-\sqrt{a}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2a+\sqrt{a}-1\right)\ge0\)

Ta có: \(2a-\sqrt{a}=\left(\sqrt{2a}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{8}\ge0\) \(\forall a\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(\left(2a+\sqrt{a}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{2a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{8}\ge0\)

\(\forall a\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

Vậy: \(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1-a}\ge4a+1\) \(\forall a\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1-b}\ge4b+1\forall b\in\left(0;1\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1-c}\ge4c+1\forall c\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{d}}{1-d}\ge4d+1\forall d\in\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

Cộng các BĐT vừa chứng minh, ta được:

\(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1-a}+\dfrac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1-b}+\dfrac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1-c}+\dfrac{1+\sqrt{d}}{1-d}\ge4\left(a+b+c+d\right)+4=8\)

Vậy: Ta suy ra được điều phải chứng minh

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM dạng ngược dấu (\(ab\leq (\frac{a+b}{2})^2\) )ta có:

\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}.1\leq \left(\frac{\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{(a+b+c+d)^2}{4a^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b+c+d}\geq \frac{4a^2}{(a+b+c+d)^2}\)\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+d}}\geq \frac{2a}{a+b+c+d}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt{\frac{b}{c+d+a}}\geq \frac{2b}{a+b+c+d}\\ \sqrt{\frac{c}{d+a+b}}\geq \frac{2c}{a+b+c+d}\\ \sqrt{\frac{d}{a+b+c}}\geq \frac{2d}{a+b+c+d}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng theo vế: \(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{2a+2b+2c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=2\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+d=0\) (VL do $a,b,c,d$ dương)

Do đó dấu bằng không xảy ra .

Hay \(\text{VT}>2\) (đpcm)