1. The student is from China. He sits next to me.

The student who sits next to me is from China.

2. I thanked the woman. This woman had helped me.

I thanked the woman who had helped me.

3. The professor is excellent. I'm taking his course.

The professor whose course I am taking is excellent.

4. Jim passed the exam. This surprised everybody.

Jim passed the exam, which surprised everybody.

5. Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come to see him.

Mr. Smith, who I had come to see, said he was too busy to speak to me.

6. The man is my father. I respect this man most.

The man whom I respect most is my father.

7. The man is my father. I respect his opinions most.

The man whose opinions I respect most is my father.

8. I saw a lot of people and horses. They went to market.

I saw a lot of people and horses that went to market.

9. Tom has three sisters. All of them are married.

Tom has three sisters, all of whom are married.

10. I recently went back to Paris. It is still as beautiful as a pearl.

 I recently went back to Paris which is still as beautiful as a pearl.

11. I recently went back to Paris. I was born in Paris nearly 50 years ago.

 I recently went back to Paris where I was born in Paris nearly 50 years ago.

12. She is the most intelligent woman. I've ever met this woman.

She is the most intelligent woman whom I've ever met.

13. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday.

The doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous.

14. Do you know the music? It is being played on the radio.

Do you know the music which is being played on the radio.

15. The police want to know the hotel. Mr Foster stayed there two weeks ago.

The police want to know the hotel where Mr Foster stayed two weeks ago.

16. You didn't tell us the reason. We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason.

You didn't tell us the reason why we have to cut down our daily expenses.

17. The day was rainy. She left on that day.

The day when she left was rainy.

18. The reason hasn't been told yet. The president will come to that city for this reason.

The reason why the president will come to that city hasn't been told yet.

19. Phuong Thao is a singer. You like her music best.

Phuong Thao, whose music you like best, is a singer. 

20. She couldn't come to the party. This is a pity.

She couldn't come to the party, which is a pity.

21. I've sent him two letters. He has received neither of them.

I've sent him two letters, neither of which he has received.

22. That man is an artist. I don't remember the man's name.

That man, whose name I don't remember, is an artist.

3. The reason is not valid. You gave it yesterday.

The reason which you gave yesterday is not valid. 

24. We enjoyed the city. We spent our vacation in this city.

We enjoyed the city where we spent our vacation.

25. One of the elephants had only one tusk. We saw these elephants at the zoo.

One of the elephants that we saw at the zoo had only one tusk. 

26. I looked at the moon. It was very bright that evening.

I looked at the moon which was very bright that evening.

27. My father goes swimming everyday. You met him this morning.

My father, whom you met this morning, goes swimming everyday. 

8. That car belongs to Dr Clark. It's engine is very good.

That car, whose engine is very good, belongs to Dr Clark.

29. In the class there are 48 students. The teacher knows only a few of them.

In the class there are 48 students, only a few of whom the teacher knows.

30. The pupils haven't done their homework? It is too bad.

The pupils haven't done their homework, which is too bad.

11 The boy whom you make fun of is my cousin

12 The student who sits next to me is from China

13 I thanked the woman who had helped me

14 The professor whose course I'm taking is excellent

15 Mr. Smith, whom I had come to see, said he was too busy to speak to me

16 I saw a lot of people and horses that went to market

17 Tom has three sisters, all of whom are married

18 I recently went back to Paris, which is still as beautiful as a pearl

19 I recently went back to Paris where I was born nearly 50 years ago

20 Do you know the music which is being played on the radio ?

Mr Smith, whom I had come to see, said he was too busy to speak to me.

The man whose opinions I respect most is my father

Mr. Smith, who I had come specially to see, said he was too busy to speak to me

The man whom I respect opinions most is my father

1 At the party, we met Josh who was the president of the student council

2 The boy whom I borrowed a book from sits next to me in class

3 The little who has just received a Christmas card from her parents is smiling brightly

4 I was awakened by the sound of laughter which came from my roommates

5 The children atttended a special movie program in which some famous actors took part

6 The book was written by that English author. It has become a best-seller

7 The girl is standing overthere. She is waiting for the bus

8 Lorries come over the brigde. They have to be careful of the wind

9 The conference was about climate change. It was planned by non-governmental organizations

10 The problems were dicussed. It will be important for your exam

Combine each pair of sentences, using suitable relative pronouns

1.At the party, we met Josh. He was the president of the student council .

At the party we met Josh, who was the president of the student council

2.The boy sits next to me in class. I borrowed a book from him.

The boy from whom I borrowed a book sits next to me in class

3.The little girl is smiling brightly. She has just received a Christmas card from her parents. 

The little girl who has just received a Christmas card from her parents is smiling brightly

4.I was awakened ny the sound of laughter. It came from my roommates.

I was awakened by the sound of laughter, which came from my roommates

5.The children attended a special movie prsgram. Some famous actors took part in it. 

The children attended a special movie program, which some famous actors took part in

Rewrite the following sentences using a present or past participle phrase

1.The book which was written by that English author has become a best- seller.

The book written by that English author has become a best- seller

2.The girl who is standing over there is waiting for the bus.

The girl standing over there is waiting for the bus

3. Lorries that come over the bridge have to be careful of the wind.

Lorries coming over the bridge have to be careful of the wind

4.The conference which was planned by non-governmental organizations was about climate change.

The conference planned by non-governmental organizations was about climate change

5.The problems that were discussed will be important for your exam.

The problems discussed will be important for your exam

Combine each pair of sentences, using suitable relative pronouns or relative adverbs:

1.      John Bridge is one of my oldest friends. He has just gone to live in Canada.

…… John Bridge, is one of my oldest friends, has just gone to live in Canada.………………………………………………………………………………………………

1.      A dictionary is a book. It gives you the meaning of words.

…………    A dictionary is a book which gives you the meaning of words.………………………………………………………………………………………

2.      The man was very kind. I talk to him yesterday.

……………The man whom talk to yesterday was very kind………………………………………………………………………………………

3.      She is the woman. I told you about her.

…………She is the woman whom I told you about .…………………………………………………………………………………………

4.      The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.

……The man whom I told you about works in the hospital. .………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.      I’ll give you the address. You should write to it.

………………    I’ll give you the address which you should write to .……………………………………………………………………………………

6.      The movie is very fantastic. They are talking about it.

……The movie which they are talking about it is very fantastic. .………………………………………………………………………………………………

7.      The woman teaches me English. You are listening to her.

………… The woman whom you are listening to teaches me English. …………………………………………………………………………………………

8.      The scientists are making progress. They are researching the causes of cancer.

The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress..……………………………………………………………………………………………………

 9.      I’ll give you the address. You should write to it.

……  I’ll give you the address which you should write to………………………………………………………………………………………………

10.      The movie is very fantastic. They are talking about it.

…………The movie which they are talking about it is very fantastic. …………………………………………………………………………………………

11.      The woman teaches me English. You are listening to her.

…………The woman whom you are listening to teaches me English…………………………………………………………………………………………

12.      The scientists are making progress. They are researching the causes of cancer.

…………The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.…………………………………………………………………………………………

13.      Do you know the woman? Who is coming toward us?

………… Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?…………………………………………………………………………………………

14.      The people are getting wet. They are waiting for the bus in the rain.

……… The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet..……………………………………………………………………………………………

Combine each pair of sentences, using suitable relative pronouns or relative adverbs:

1.      My son is very intelligent. His friends all are good citizens.

……………………………… My son, whose friends all are good citizens, is very intelligent.……………………………………………………………………

2.      Lan is my classmate. She lives near my parents’ house.

………………………………  Lan, who lives near my parents’ house, is my classmate.……………………………………………………………………

3.      The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba’s brother.

……………………………… The young man who is talking to our teacher is Ba’s brother.……………………………………………………………………

4.      We visited the monument. The famous engineer built it more than 50 years ago.

……………………………………… We visited the monument which the famous engineer built more than 50 years ago.……………………………………………………………

5.       The victims of the club need help. They were half-starved for many days.

…………………………………  the victims of the club, who were hafl-starved for many days, need help.…………………………………………………………………

6.      The baby was still alive. He was lifted and put down a hundred meters away by the tornado.

……………………… The baby who was lifted and put down a hundred meters away by the tornado was still alive.……………………………………………………………………………

7.      Ninety per cent of the earthquakes occur around the Pacific Rim. It is known as the Ring of Fire.

………………………… Ninety per cent of the earthquakes occur around the Pacific Rim which is known as the Ring of Fire.…………………………………………………………………………

8.      In the 1960s, a huge tidal wave hit Anchorage. The tidal wave traveled from California to Alaska.

………………………………… In the 1960s, a huge tidal wave which traveled from California to Alaska hit Anchorage.…………………………………………………………………

9.      The weather forecast program takes place at 8:00 pm every day. Some people like to watch it.

………………………… The weather forecast program which some people like to watch takes place at 8:00 pm every day…………………………………………………………………………

10.  Mr. Phong is our geography teacher. He has been teaching in our school for ten years.

………………………………  Mr Phong who has been teaching in our school for ten years is our geography teacher.……………………………………………………………………

11.  A typhoon is a violent tropical storm. It can cause great destruction.

………………………………………… A typhoon which can cause great destruction is a violent tropical storm…………………………………………………………

Tham khảo

1. He worked for a woman who used to be an artist.

2. They called a doctor who lived nearby.

3. I wrote an email to my sister who lives in Italy.

4. Linh liked the waiter who was very friendly.

5. We broke a car that belonged to my uncle.

6. Ba dropped a cup which was new.

7. Nam loves books that have happy endings.

8. I live in a city that is in the north of Vietnam.

9. The man who is wearing a blue hat is in the class.

10. The woman who is from India works in a hospital.

11. My sister who lives in Japan has four sons.

12. The man who was wearing a red shirt was rude.

13. The phone that belongs to An is on the table.

14. The TV that was my grandfather’s got broken.

__________________________________________________________________________ IV. Use the relative pronouns or relative adverbs to combine these pairs of sentences.

1. She is the most intelligent woman that I’ve ever met 

2. This doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous. 

3. These children whom she is taking care of are orphans

4. The two young men whom you are acquainted with are not good persons  

5. My father whom you met this morning goes swimming every day.

6. The man whom I respect most is my father  

7. The man is my father, whose opinion I respect  most. 

8. Mary and Margaret, whom you met yesterday are twins. 

9. I’ll introduce you to the man whose support is necessary for your project. 

10. The middle-aged man whom my father is talking to is the director.

11. The boy whom you make fun of is my cousin. 

12. The student who sits next to me is from china.

13. I thanked the woman who had helped me. 

14. The professor whose course I am taking is excellent

15. Mr. Smith, whom I had come to see said he was too busy to speak to me

16. I saw a lot of people and horses that went to market. 

Combine each pair of sentences, using suitable relative pronouns or relative adverbs:

1.      A bus goes to the airport.  It runs every half an hour.

=> A bus which runs every half an hour goes to the airport.

2.      Petr is studying French and German. He has been abroad.

=> Petr, who has been abroad, is studying French and German. 

3.      You’ve all met Michael Wood. He is visiting us for a couple of days.

=> You’ve all met Michael Wood, who is visiting us for a couple of days.

4.      We are moving to Manchester. Manchester is the North West.

=> We are moving to Manchester, which is the North West.

5.      I’ll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends.

=> I’ll stay with Adrian, whose brother is one of my closest friends.

6.      The Earth is a planet. It can support life.

=> The Earth, which can support life, is a planet.

7.      The book is about the girl. She runs away from home.

=> The book is about the girl who runs away from home.

8.      The fence is made from wood. It surrounds our house.

=> The fence which surrounds our house is made from wood. 

9.      The first person is Mr. Smith. We must see him.

=> The first person whom me must see is Mr. Smith. 

10.      He is a famous doctor in my neighbor. You have just met his daughter last night.

=> He is a famous doctor in my neighbor whose daughter you have just met last night.

11.     Tet is a big occasion. The members of family gather on this occasion.

=> Tet is a big occasion when the members of family gather.

12.    New York is a famous city. Everybody wants to live in this city.

=> New York is a famous city where everybody wants to live.

13.     The country is very peaceful and fresh. The old people enjoy living there.

=> The country where the old people enjoy living is very peaceful and fresh. 

14      Trinh Cong Son composed songs. They are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.

=> Trinh Cong Son composed songs which are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.

Combine each pair of sentences, using suitable relative pronouns or relative adverbs:

1.      A bus goes to the airport.  It runs every half an hour.

… A bus which runs every half an hour goes to the airport…

2.      Petr is studying French and German. He has been abroad.

… Peter, who has never been abroad, is studying F & G.…

3.      You’ve all met Michael Wood. He is visiting us for a couple of days.

… You've all met Michael Wood, who is visiting us for a couple of days.…

4.      We are moving to Manchester. Manchester is the North West.

… …

5.      I’ll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends.

…  I’ll stay with Adrian, whose brother is one of my closest friends.…

6.      The Earth is a planet. It can support life.

… The Earth is a planet which can support life.…

7.      The book is about the girl. She runs away from home.

… The book is about a girl whoruns away from home. …

8.      The fence is made from wood. It surrounds our house.

… The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.…

9.      The first person is Mr. Smith. We must see him.

… The first person for us to see is Mr. Smith.…

10.      He is a famous doctor in my neighbor. You have just met his daughter last night.

… He is a famous doctor in my neighborhood whose daughter you met last night.…

11.     Tet is a big occasion. The members of family gather on this occasion.

… Tet is a big occasion when the member of family gather…

12.    New York is a famous city. Everybody wants to live in this city.

…New York is a famous city where everybody wants to live…

13.     The country is very peaceful and fresh. The old people enjoy living there.

… The country, where the old people enjoy living, is very peaceful and fresh.…

14      Trinh Cong Son composed songs. They are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.

… Trinh Cong Son composed songs greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.

…