\(4x^2+y^2=4x^2+\left(1-4x\right)^2=4x^2+1-8x+16x^2=20x^2-8x+1=20\left(x^2-\frac{2}{5}x+\frac{1}{20}\right)\)

\(=20\left[x^2-\frac{2}{5}x+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{100}\right]=20\left(x-\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{1}{5}\ge\frac{1}{5}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{5}\)

BĐT$\Leftrightarrow 20x^2+5y^2\geq (4x+y)^2=16x^2+8xy+y^2\Leftrightarrow 2(x-y)^2\geq 0$ (đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=\frac{1}{5}$

4x + y = 1 => y = 1 - 4x
Nên : 4x^2 + y^2 = 4x^2 + (1 - 4x)^2
= 4x^2 + 1 - 8x + 16x^2
= 20x^2 - 8x + 1
= 4(5x^2 - 2x) + 1
= 4/5(25x^2 - 10x) + 1
= 4/5(25x^2 - 2.5x + 1) + 1/5
= 4/5(5x - 1)^2 + 1/5
>= 1/5
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 1/5 => y = 1/5

học tốt

         Áp dụng BĐT Bunhia-copxki:

Ta có: (4x+y)²=(2x.2+y.1)²\(\le\)(4x²+y²)(2²+1²)

    <=> 1\(\le\)(4x²+y²).5

       => 4x²+y² \(\ge\frac{1}{5}\)(đpcm)

\(\text{Ta có : }\)

\(4x+1=1< 4x^2+y^2\)

\(\text{Mà }1>\frac{1}{5}=0,2\)

\(\Rightarrow\text{ }4x^2+y^2>\frac{1}{5}\)

\(x^4y+x^2y-x^2y=x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y.\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}=x^2y-\frac{x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}\\\frac{y^2z\left(y^2+1\right)-y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}=y^2z-\frac{y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}\\\frac{z^2x\left(z^2+1\right)-z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}=z^2x-\frac{z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}\end{cases}}Vt\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2z}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2x}{z^2+1}\right)\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge2x\\y^2+1\ge2y\\z^2+1\ge2z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}\ge\frac{x^2y}{2x}=\frac{xy}{2}\\\frac{y^2z}{2y}=\frac{yz}{2}\\\frac{z^2x}{2z}=\frac{xz}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)}\)

\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3}=3\)

\(VT\ge3-\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2}\)

t chỉ làm dc đến đây thôi :))

Từ \(VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)\)ta có:

\(x^2y+x^2y+y^2z=x^2y+x^2y+\frac{y}{x}\ge3xy\)(áp dụng BĐT Cauchy)

Tương tự : \(y^2z+y^2z+z^2x\ge3yz\);   \(z^2x+z^2x+x^2y\ge3zx\)

Cộng vế theo vế suy ra : \(3\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge xy+yz+zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1

Do xyz=1. nên bđt cần chứng minh tường đương với

\(\frac{x^4}{x^3z+xz}+\frac{y^4}{y^3x+xy}+\frac{z^4}{z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

Theo BĐT Bunhiacopsky ta có:

\(\frac{x^4}{x^3z+xz}+\frac{y^4}{y^3x+xy}+\frac{z^4}{z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^3z+xz+y^3x+xy+z^3y+zy}\)

Do vậy ta cần cm

\(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^3z+xz+y^3x+xy+z^3y+zy}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)+4\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\ge3\left(x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\right)+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

BĐT trên là tổng của 3 BĐT sau:

\(1,x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)

\(2,x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\)

\(3,x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge2\left(x^3z+y^3x+z^3y\right)\)

ta có bđt trên tương đương với

\(x^2\left(x-z\right)^2+y^2\left(y-x\right)^2+z^2\left(z-y\right)^2\ge0\)

Nhân 3 ở bđt đầu tiên rồi cộng vế theo vế các bđt ở dưới ta có đpcm

dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

Bài 1:

\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2-2ab-2a-2b\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)

Bài 2:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2=1^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Bài 3:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\left(4+1\right)\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2=1^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow4x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

tôi không biết

\(4x+y=1\Rightarrow y=1-4x\)

\(\Rightarrow4x^2+y^2=4x^2+\left(1-4x\right)^2=20x^2-8x+1=20\left(x-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{5}\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{5};\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)