a) \(\sqrt{7+\sqrt{2x}=3+\sqrt{5}}\)   (x≥0) Đặt \(\sqrt{2x}\) = a ( a>0 )

Khi đó pt :

<=> 7+a =3 + \(\sqrt{5}\)

<=> 4+a = \(\sqrt{5}\)

<=> (4+a)\(^2\) = 5

<=> 16 + 8a + a\(^2\) = 5

<=>a\(^2\) + 8a+ 11 = 0

<=> a = -4 + \(\sqrt{5}\) (Loại) và a = -4-\(\sqrt{5}\)(Loại) 

Vậy Pt vô nghiệm.

b) \(\sqrt{3x^2-4x}\) = 2x-3

<=> 3x\(^2\)- 4x = 4x\(^2\)-12x + 9 

<=> x\(^2\)-8x+9 = 0

<=> x=1 , x=9 

Vậy S={1;9} 

c\(\dfrac{\left(7-x\right)\sqrt{7-x}+\left(x-5\right)\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x-5}}\) = 2

<=> \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{7-x}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt{x-5}\right)^3}{\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x-5}}=2\)

<=> \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x-5}\right)\left(7-x-\sqrt{\left(7-x\right)\left(x-5\right)}+x-5\right)}{\sqrt{7-x}+\sqrt{x-5}}=2\)

<=> \(\sqrt{\left(7-x\right)\left(x-5\right)}=0\)

<=> x=7,x=5

Vậy x=5 hoặc x=7

1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-3}{5}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 5x+3=3-\sqrt{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{5}$

2. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \sqrt{7}$ 

PT $\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-7)(\sqrt{x}+7)=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x-49=4$

$\Leftrightarrow x=53$ (thỏa mãn)

c.

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3-\left(3x+1\right)\sqrt{x^2+3}+2x^2+2x=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+3}=t>0\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2-\left(3x+1\right)t+2x^2+2x=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(3x+1\right)^2-4\left(2x^2+2x\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{3x+1-x+1}{2}=x+1\\t=\dfrac{3x+1+x-1}{2}=2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+3}=x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\\\sqrt{x^2+3}=2x\left(x\ge0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3=x^2+2x+1\left(x\ge-1\right)\\x^2+3=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

a.

Đề bài ko chính xác, pt này ko giải được

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{7}{2}\)

\(2x+7-\left(2x+7\right)\sqrt{2x+7}+x^2+7x=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+7}=t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2-\left(2x+7\right)t+x^2+7x=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(2x+7\right)^2-4\left(x^2+7x\right)=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{2x+7-7}{2}=x\\t=\dfrac{2x+7+7}{2}=x+7\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+7}=x\left(x\ge0\right)\\\sqrt{2x+7}=x+7\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-7=0\left(x\ge0\right)\\x^2+12x+42=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=1+2\sqrt{2}\)

ĐKXĐ: mọi \(x\)

Ta có \(x^2+4x+7=\left(x+4\right)\sqrt{x^2+7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\sqrt{x^2+7}-x^2-4x-7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+7}-4\right)-x^2-4x+4x-7+16=0\) ( thêm bớt )

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+7}-4\right)-\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\dfrac{x^2-9}{\sqrt{x^2+7}+4}-\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-9\right)\left(\dfrac{x+4}{\sqrt{x^2+7}+4}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-9=0\\\dfrac{x+4}{\sqrt{x^2+7}+4}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm3\\\dfrac{x+4}{\sqrt{x^2+7}+4}=1\left(\text{*}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải (*), ta được phương trình

\(\left(\text{*}\right)\Leftrightarrow x+4=\sqrt{x^2+7}+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+7}=x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+7=x^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7=0\) ( vô lý )

Suy ra phương trình (*) vô nghiệm 

Vậy \(S=\left\{\pm3\right\}\)

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(x+3\right)\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x-4\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-4=0\\\dfrac{2x+1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x+1+\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}=-3x-4\) \(\left(x\le-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x+5=9x^2+24x+16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2+20x+11=0\)

2.

ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2x+7}+7\sqrt{2x+7}=x^2+2x+7+7x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\sqrt{2x+7}+2x+7\right)+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)^2+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)\left(x+7-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2x+7}\\x+7=\sqrt{2x+7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

3.

ĐKXĐ: ...

Từ pt dưới:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+3x-3y=3x^2+3y^2+1+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-y^3+3x-3y=3x^2+3y^2+1+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1=y^3+3y^2+3y+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(y+1\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=x-2\)

Thế vào pt trên:

\(x^2-2x+3=2\sqrt{5x-2}+\sqrt{7x-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2+2\left(x-\sqrt{5x-2}\right)+\left(x+1-\sqrt{7x-1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-5x+2\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-2}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+2}{x+1+\sqrt{7x-1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+2=0\)