PTHH: \(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_S=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{1}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Lưu huỳnh phản ứng hết, Oxi còn dư

2Na+Cl2-to>2Nacl

0,1----0,05

n Na=0,1 mol

=>VCl2=0,05.22,4=1,12l

=>A

\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O4

LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) => Fe dư

b, Theo pthh: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,15\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{24,79}=\dfrac{11,2}{24,79}\approx0,45\left(mol\right)\) 

a) \(PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\) 

                      2        1         2

                    0,45  0,225   0,45

b) \(m_{O_2}=n.M=0,225.\left(16.2\right)=7,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{O_2}=n.24,79=0,225.24,79=5,57775\left(l\right)\) 

c) \(PTHH:2KMnO_4\rightarrow K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\) 

                      2                       1                1          1

                     0,45               0,225        0,225     0,225

\(m_{KMnO_4}=n.M=0,45.\left(39+55+16.4\right)=71,1\left(g\right).\)

a, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)

\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: S + O₂ --t^o--> SO₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) => S hết, O₂ dư

\(n_S=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: S + O₂ --t^o--> SO₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) => S hết, O₂ dư

.

.

a, \(n_S=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: S + O₂ ----t^o----> SO₂

Mol:    0,2   0,2                 0,2

b, \(m_{SO_2}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

c, \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

THAM KHẢO:

Gọi số mol Mg và Zn lần lượt là x, y

Ta có 24x + 65y=23.3

     40x + 81y=36.1

=) x=0.7

    y= 0.1

b)

c)

\(a,2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\\ 2Zn+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2ZnO\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{36,1-23,3}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ \text{Đ}\text{ặt}:a=n_{Mg};b=n_{Zn}\left(a,b>0\right)\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+65b=23,3\\0,5a+0,5b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,7\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,m_{Mg}=24a=24.0,7=16,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{Zn}=65b=65.0,1=6,5\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}SO_2\)

\(n_S=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_S=0.1\cdot32=3.2\left(g\right)\)

=> A 

PTHH : S + O2 -> SO2

nSO2 = V/22,4= 0,1 mol

Theo PTHH : nS = nSO2 = 0,1 mol

=> mS = n.M = 3,2 g

Theo gt ta có: $n_{O_2}=0,15625(mol);n_{SO_2}=0,1(mol)$

$S+O_2\rightarrow SO_2$

Ta có: $n_{S}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{S}=3,2(g)$

\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)

\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)

\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)

\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)

\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)

\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)

\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)

c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O₂ phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O₂

\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)

\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)

\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)

\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)

\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)

\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)

\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)

\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)

\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)

\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)

\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)

\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)

\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.

\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)

\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)

\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)

\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)

\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)

\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)

\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)

\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)

\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)

\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)

\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)

\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)

\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)

Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.

\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)

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