Tính %m mỗi oxit chứ:v

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_3O_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)

 x --------> 4x ---> 3x

\(ZnO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Zn+H_2O\)

y ------> y --> y

Có hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}232x+81y=19,7\\4x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%_{m_{Fe_3O_4}}=\dfrac{232.0,05.100}{19,7}=58,88\%\)

\(\%_{m_{ZnO}}=\dfrac{81.0,1.100}{19,7}=41,12\%\)

\(n_{Fe}=3x=3.0,05=0,15\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Zn}=y=0,1\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

)

....1................1..................1............1(mol)

0,3................0,3................0,3.........0,3(mol)

ta co pthh

Fe3O4+4 H2 \(\rightarrow\)3Fe +4 H2O

ZnO+H2 \(\rightarrow\)Zn + H2O

Theo de bai ta co nH2= \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

goi x la so mol cua H2 tham gia vao pthh 1

so mol cua H2 tham gia vao pthh 2 la 0,3-x mol

theo pthh 1 nFe3O4= \(\dfrac{1}{4}nH2=\dfrac{1}{4}x\) mol

theo pthh 2 nZnO=nH2= 0,3-x mol

theo de bai ta co

232.\(\dfrac{1}{4}x\)+ 81.(0,3-x)=19,7

\(\Leftrightarrow\)58x + 24,3 -81x = 19,7

\(\Leftrightarrow\)-23x=19,7-24,3

\(\Leftrightarrow\)-23x=-4,6

\(\Rightarrow\)x= \(\dfrac{-4,6}{-23}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\)nFe3O4=\(\dfrac{1}{4}nH2=\dfrac{1}{4}.0,2=0,05mol\)

nZnO=nH2=0,3-0,2=0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)Khoi luong moi oxit trong hh la

mFe3O4=232.0,05=11,6 g

mZnO= mhh-mFe3O4=19,7-11,6=8,1 g

Theo pthh1 nFe= \(\dfrac{3}{4}nH2=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2=0,15mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\)mFe= 0,15.56=8,4 g

theo pthh 2 nZn=nH2= 0,1 mol

\(\Rightarrow\)mZn=0,1.65=6,5 g

a) CuO + H₂ -> Cu + H₂O (1)

ZnO + H₂ -> Zn + H₂O (2)

n_{\(_{H_2}\)} = \(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\) = 0,2 (mol) => m_{\(H_2\)} = 0,2.2 = 0,4 (g)

Theo PT (1) và (2) ta có: n_{\(H_2O\)} = n_{\(H_2\)} = 0,2 (mol)

=> m_{\(H_2O\)} = 0,2.18 = 3,6 (g)

Theo định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có:

m_hh + m_{\(H_2\)} = m_{kim loại} + m_{\(H_2O\)}

=> m_hh = 12,9 + 3,6 - 0,4 = 16,1 (g)

b) Gọi m_Cu là x(g) (0<x<12,9) => n_Cu = \(\dfrac{x}{64}\) (mol)

Thì m_Zn là 12,9-x (g) => n_Zn = \(\dfrac{12,9-x}{65}\) (mol)

Theo PT (1) ta có: n_{\(H_2\)} = n_Cu = \(\dfrac{x}{64}\) (mol)

Theo PT (2) ta có: n_{\(H_2\)} = n_Zn = \(\dfrac{12,9-x}{65}\) (mol)

Theo đề bài, n_{\(H_2\)} là 0,2mol nên ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{64}+\dfrac{12,9-x}{65}=0,2\) <=> x = 6,4 (g)

=> m_Cu = 6,4 (g)

Vậy: %Cu = \(\dfrac{6,4}{12,9}\).100% \(\approx\) 49,61%

%Zn = 100% - 49,61% = 50,39%

Bài 1:

a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)

                \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

            \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 3:

PTHH: \(CuO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_3O_4+4CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4CO_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{31,2+15,2}{2}=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=31,2-23,2=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)=\dfrac{8}{80}=n_{CuO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{7}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO}=V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7}{30}\cdot22,4\approx5,23\left(l\right)\)  

a) \(n_{H_2}:\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của \(Fe_3O_4,ZnO\)

\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)

1...................4............3............4(mol)

x..................4x.........3x...........4x(mol)

\(ZnO+H_2\rightarrow Zn+H_2O\)

1..............1...........1.........1(mol)

y..............y............y.........y(mol)

Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}232x+81y=19,7\\4x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=0,05

=>y=0.1

\(m_{Fe_3O_4}:232.0,05=11,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ZnO}:19,7-11,6=8,1\left(g\right)\)

b)\(m_{Fe}:56.0,15=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Zn}:65.0,1=6,5\left(g\right)\)

c)\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

....1................1..................1............1(mol)

0,3................0,3................0,3.........0,3(mol)

\(m_{Mg}:0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}:0,3.98+0,3.98.10\%=32.34\left(g\right)\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Gọi số mol H₂ là x

=> \(n_{H_2O}=x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_A+m_{H_2}=m_B+m_{H_2O}\)

=> 200 + 2x = 156 + 18x

=> x = 2,75 (mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=2,75.22,4=61,6\left(l\right)\)

b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 80a + 240a + 102b = 200

=> 320a + 102b = 200

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

              a---------------->a

            Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ --t^o--> 2Fe + 3H₂O

             1,5a------------------>3a

=> 64a + 168a + 102b = 156

=> 232a + 102b = 156

=> a = 0,5; b = \(\dfrac{20}{51}\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,5.80}{200}.100\%=20\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,75.160}{200}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{51}.102}{200}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,75}{5}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{FeO\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{36}{72}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol FeO phản ứng là t (mol)

PTHH: FeO + H₂ --t^o--> Fe + H₂O

              t--------------->t

=> 56t + (0,5-t).72 = 29,6

=> t = 0,4 (mol)

=> \(H\%=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}.100\%=80\%\)