Ta có: x² – x – 12 = x² – x – 16 + 4

= (x² – 16) – (x – 4)

= (x – 4).(x + 4) – (x – 4)

= (x – 4).(x + 4 – 1)

= (x – 4).(x + 3)

a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

b/ \(\frac{a}{a+b^2}=\frac{a}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+b^2}=\frac{a}{a^2+b^2+a\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{a}{2ab+a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{b+b+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b^2}=\frac{1}{b+b+b+c}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{b+c^2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\) ; \(\frac{c}{c+a^2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Bài 2 :

Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\cdot1=4\)

( Do \(a+b+c=abc\) )

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\) (đpcm)

P/s : Cho hỏi bài 1 có a,b,c > 0 không ?

Khuyến mãi thêm bài 1 :))

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có :

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2}\cdot\frac{b^2}{c^2}}=\frac{2a}{c}\) (1)

Tương tự ta có :

\(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2b}{a}\)(2), \(\frac{c^2}{a^2}+\frac{a^2}{b^2}\ge\frac{2c}{b}\) (3)

Cộng các vế của BĐT (1) (2) và (3) và chia 2 ta có :

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2}{b^2c^2}}\ge\frac{2a}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2c}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2b}{a}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

2. \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc.ac}{ab}}=2c\) ; \(\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2b\)

Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

bn tham khảo câu hỏi tương tự nha!

hok tốt!

\(\sum\)\(\frac{a}{1+a^2}\)\(\le\)\(\sum\)\(\frac{a}{2a}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)

\(VT=\frac{a^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)

sao olm ko hiện \(\sum\) ra nhỉ ? thoi mk ghi lại v 

\(\frac{a}{1+a^2}\le\frac{a}{2a}=\frac{1}{2}\)

tương tự 2 cái kia cộng lại t có bđt cần cm 

\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\)\(\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

Đặt b + c = x

      a + c = y

     a + b = z

Có: x + y - z = b + c + a + c - a - b = 2c

  \(\frac{x+y-z}{2}=c\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{x+z-y}{2}=b\)

     \(\frac{z+y-x}{2}=a\)

Khi đó:  = \(\frac{z+y-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}\)\(+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)

= \(\frac{z+y}{2x}-\frac{x}{2x}\)\(+\frac{x+z}{2y}-\frac{y}{2y}+\)\(\frac{x+y}{2z}-\frac{z}{2z}\)

 = \(\frac{z+y}{2x}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{x+z}{2y}-\frac{1}{2}\)\(+\frac{x+y}{2z}-\frac{1}{2}\)

 = \(\frac{z+y}{2x}+\frac{x+z}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{2z}\)\(-\frac{3}{2}\)

 = \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{z+y}{x}+\frac{x+z}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\right)\)\(-\frac{3}{2}\)

 = \(\frac{1}{2}.\)\(\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)\(-\frac{3}{2}\)

Ta có : \(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\ge2\)

            \(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\ge2\)

            \(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\)\(\frac{1}{2}.6-\frac{3}{2}\)

     \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )

a/ BĐT sai, cho \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy

b/ \(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2bc}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

c/ Tiếp tục sai nữa, vế phải là \(\frac{3}{2}\) chứ ko phải \(2\), và hy vọng rằng a;b;c dương

\(VT=\frac{a^2}{abc.b+a}+\frac{b^2}{abc.c+b}+\frac{c^2}{abc.a+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)+a+b+c}\)

\(VT\ge\frac{9}{3abc+3}\ge\frac{9}{\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{\frac{3.3^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Ta có:

\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3ab^2\) ; \(b^3+c^3+c^3\ge3bc^2\) ; \(c^3+a^3+a^3\ge3ca^2\)

Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)

\(\frac{a^5}{b^2}+\frac{b^5}{c^2}+\frac{c^5}{a^2}=\frac{a^6}{ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)

\(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b^2a}}=\frac{2}{b}\); \(\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{c}\); \(\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)

Cộng lại:

\(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

1. BĐT ban đầu

<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{b}{a+3b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{c}{b+3c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{a}{c+3a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)

<=>\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

<=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki dang phân thức 

=> BĐT cần CM

<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)luôn đúng 

=> BĐT được CM

2) \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+c-3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\)

ko mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)

Có: \(3\le a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le3a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3a^2\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a\ge1\)

=> \(\frac{1}{1+a+b}+\frac{1}{1+b+c}+\frac{1}{1+c+a}\le\frac{3}{1+2a}\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)

Bạn @Diệu Linh@ làm nhầm dòng 5 rồi nhé

2, BĐT ban đầu 

<=> \(\left(1-\frac{1}{1+a+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b+c}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+a+c}\right)\ge2\)

<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{b+c+\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{c+a+\left(c+a\right)^2}\ge2\)

Dùng BĐT buniacoxki dạng phân thức ở VT 

\(VT\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}\)

Mà \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ac\)

=> \(VT\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac\right)}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\)(ĐPCM)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1

Áp dụng Cô si cho 2 số không âm ta có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{2}{b}\\\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{c}\\\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)

dâu = xảy ra khi a=b=c