\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{-1;1\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)

a, \(21\in B\left(x-3\right)\Leftrightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(21\right)\Leftrightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;3;7;21;-1;-3;-7;-21\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;10;24;2;0;-4;-18\right\}\)

Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;10;24;2;0\right\}\)

b, \(1-x\inƯ\left(17\right)\Leftrightarrow1-x\in\left\{1;17;-1;-17\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;-16;2;18\right\}\)

Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;18\right\}\)

c, \(2x+3\in B\left(2x-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3⋮2x-1\Leftrightarrow2x-1+4⋮2x-1\Leftrightarrow4⋮2x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;\frac{3}{2};\frac{5}{2};0;\frac{-1}{2};\frac{-3}{2}\right\}\)

Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)

d, \(x+1\inƯ\left(x^2+x+3\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+3⋮x+1\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)+3⋮x+1\Leftrightarrow3⋮x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow x+1\in\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-2;-4\right\}\)

Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)

a,(2x+1)(y-3)=12

2x+1 và y-3 Ư(12)=

=>x=0,y=15

c) Ta có: \(36^{25}=\left(6^2\right)^{25}=6^{50}\)

\(25^{36}=\left(5^2\right)^{36}=5^{72}\)

Ta có: \(6^{50}=\left(6^5\right)^{10}=7776^{10}\)

mà \(5^{70}=\left(5^7\right)^{10}=78125^{10}\)

nên \(6^{50}< 5^{70}\)

mà \(5^{70}< 5^{72}\)

nên \(6^{50}< 5^{72}\)

hay \(36^{25}< 25^{36}\)

a/

Với $x,y$ là số tự nhiên $2x+1, y-3$ là số nguyên. Mà $(2x+1)(y-3)=12$ nên $2x+1$ là ước của 12. 

$2x+1>0, 2x+1$ lẻ nên $2x+1\in \left\{1;3\right\}$

Nếu $2x+1=1\Rightarrow y-3=12$

$\Rightarrow x=0; y=15$

Nếu $2x+1=3\Rightarrow y-3=4$

$\Rightarrow x=1; y=7$ 

Vậy...........

b/

$2^x+2^{x+1}+2^{x+2}+...+2^{x+2015}=2^{2019}-8$

$2^x(1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2015})=2^{2019}-8(1)$
$2^x(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2016})=2^{2020}-16(2)$ (nhân 2 vế với 2)

Lấy (2) trừ (1) theo vế thì:

$2^x(2^{2016}-1)=2^{2020}-2^{2019}-8$

$2^x(2^{2016}-1)=2^{2019}(2-1)-8=2^{2019}-8$

$2^x(2^{2016}-1)=2^3(2^{2016}-1)$

$\Rightarrow 2^x=2^3$

$\Rightarrow x=3$

c/

$25^{36}=(5^2)^{36}=5^{72}$

$36^{25}=(6^2)^{25}=6^{50}=(6^5)^{10}< (5^7)^{10}=5^{70}< 5^{72}$

$\Rightarrow 25^{36}> 36^{25}$

a) x = 2 

b) x = 2     

c) x = 2

d) x = 1.

a) Ta có:  ( 2 x + 1 ) 3 = 3 3 nên 2x + 1 = 3. Do đó x = 1.

b) Ta có: ( 2 x - 1 ) 3 = 5 3 nên 2x - 1 = 5. Do đó x = 3.