\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}-\frac{1}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{c-\left(a+b+c\right)}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{ac+bc+c^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2\right)=-\left(a+b\right)ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2\right)+\left(a+b\right)ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2+ab\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)

=> a = - b or b = - c or c = - a

Với a = - b thì :

\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)(1)

\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)(2)

Từ (1);(2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)

Xet 2 TH còn lại (b = - c; c = - a) ta cx có : \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)

=> đpcm

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

=> x+y+z=0

Có \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)

=\(\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)

=\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2-3xy\right]\)

=0( do x+y+z=0)

=> \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)

<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si ta có:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}.\dfrac{1}{a}.\dfrac{1}{a}}=\dfrac{3}{b}\)

\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)

\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}.\dfrac{1}{c}.\dfrac{1}{c}}=\dfrac{3}{a}\)

Cộng theo vế ta được:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{a^2}{a^3}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^3}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^3}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^3}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ac}{abc}+\frac{ab}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b+ab^2+abc+abc+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+abc+ac^2=abc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b+2abc+bc^2+ab^2+b^2c+a^2c+ac^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a^2+2ac+c^2\right)+\left(ab^2+b^2c\right)+\left(a^2c+ac^2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2\left(a+c\right)+ac\left(a+c\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(ab+bc+b^2+ac\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left[\left(ab+b^2\right)+\left(bc+ac\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left[b\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)\(\left[đpcm\left(a\right)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow\)* \(a+b=0\Rightarrow a=-b\)

* \(b+c=0\Rightarrow b=-c\)

* \(a+c=0\Rightarrow a=-c\)

Trường hợp 1 : Nếu \(a=-b\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\)\(=\frac{1}{b^3}-\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)

Mà : \(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)\(\left[đpcm\left(b\right)\right]\)

Hai trường hợp còn lại xét tương tự nhé

\(\frac{a^2}{b^3}+\frac{b^2}{c^3}+\frac{c^2}{a^3}=\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\)

=> \(\frac{a^2}{b^3}+\frac{b^2}{c^3}+\frac{c^2}{a^3}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)

\(\frac{a^2}{b^3}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}\ge3\cdot\frac{1}{b}\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)

Ta có 

\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)

=> ĐPCM

Mạnh Hùng hỏi được rồi á

Ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=0\)

   \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=0\)

Mà \(a,b,c\)là số nguyên khác 0 \(\Rightarrow\)\(abc\ne0\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b+c=0\)\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)

Ta lại có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

                                          \(=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3.\left(a+b\right).c.\left(a+b+c\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

                                          \(=0-0-3ab\left(-c\right)\)

                                          \(=3abc⋮3\)

Vậy \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc⋮3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c=0\)