$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$

$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$

$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$

$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$

$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$

$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$

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Em đăng sang môn Hoá nha

\(2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ 27a+56b=8,3\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\\ a=b=0,1\\ m_{Al}=27\cdot0,1=2,7g\\ m_{Fe}=8,3-2,7=5,6g\\ a=\dfrac{3a+2b}{500}\cdot36,5=3,65\%\\ m_{ddsau}=508,3-0,25\cdot2=507,8g\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{133,5a}{507,8}=2,63\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127b}{507,8}=2,50\%\)

nH2= 0,15(mol)

mHCl= 146.20%=29,2(g) => nHCl=0,8(mol)

a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

x____________2x____x_______x(mol)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

y____2y____y_____y(mol)

Vì nH2< nHCl/2 -> HCl dư

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=6,8\\x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,05.24=1,2(g)

=>%mMg=(1,2/6,8).100=17,647%

=>%mFe=82,353%

b) mddY= 6,8+ 146 - (2x+2y)= 6,8+146 - (2.0,05+2.0,1)= 152,5(g)

mFeCl2=0,1.127=12,7(g)

mMgCl2=0,05.95= 4,75(g)

mHCl(dư)= 29,2 - (2x+2y).36,5= 18,25(g)

=>C%ddFeCl2= (12,7/152,5).100=8,328%

C%ddHCl(dư)= (18,25/152,5).100=11,967%

C%ddMgCl2= (4,75/152,5).100=3,115%

a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

a---->1,5a--------------------------->1,5a

Mg + H₂SO₄ ---> MgSO₄ + H₂

b------>b----------------------->b

Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=6,3\\1,5a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{6,3}=42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-42,86\%=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.1,5+0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)

c, đề yêu cầu jv?

a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+24b=1,26\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,12\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,02\cdot27}{1,26}\cdot100\%\approx42,86\%\\\%m_{Mg}=57,14\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,02\cdot133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,03\cdot95=2,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=40\cdot1,25=50\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,06\cdot2=0,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=51,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2,67}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,22\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{2,85}{51,14}\cdot100\%\approx5,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)