TXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
Phương trình đã cho tương đương:
\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}\right)\left(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}\right)}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x+1-3x}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}=x-1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\) (do \(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}>0\) \(\forall x\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{3x}=x-1\)
Điều kiện : x\(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+1}=x-1+\sqrt{3x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+1}\right)^2=\left(x-1+\sqrt{3x}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{3x}+3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1=x^2-2x+1+2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{3x}+3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1-x^2-x-x-2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{3x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+x-2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{3x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)\sqrt{3x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(-x-2\sqrt{3x}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\-x-2\sqrt[]{3x}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{3}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\-\sqrt{x}=0\\\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=0\\\sqrt{x}=-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=0\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy pt tập nghiệm S={1;0}
