\(\text{a) }Ta\text{ }có:\text{ }\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}\\ Lại\text{ }có:\text{ }\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2=5+3+2\sqrt{15}\\ =8+\sqrt{60}< 8+\sqrt{64}=16\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}< 4\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}>\dfrac{2}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}>\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\text{b) }\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}}\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{6}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{6}}\\ \sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}}\\ Mà\text{ }\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{6}>\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{6}}< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}}\\\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{6}< \sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\)
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