Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.
One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide—a key pollutant—and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.
Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots, and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.
Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help hold in the heat that materials like brick and concrete radiate so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetable and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city dwellers, saving them money and making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy, they are also a smart environmental investment.
Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. A thesis is presented and then supported
B. A hypothesis is stated and then analyzed
C. A proposal is evaluated and alternatives are explored
D. A viewpoint is established and then defended
Đáp án D
Giải thích: Cấu trúc bài văn là đưa ra một ý kiến “What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits” = Những gì mọi người thường bỏ qua là các công viên cũng cung cấp các lợi ích đáng kể về môi trường, sau đó phân tích và bảo vê ý kiến đó bằng cách đưa ra các luận điểm trong thân bài.
A. A luận đề is presented and then supported = Một giả thuyết được trình bày và sau đó được hỗ trợ.
Trong bài không đưa ra luận đề nghiên cứu mà là một thực tế.
B. A hypothesis is stated and then analyzed = Một giả thuyết được nêu ra và sau đó phân tích
Trong bài không đưa ra giả thuyết chưa được kiểm định mà là một thực tế.
C. A proposal is evaluated and alternatives are explored = Một đề nghị được đánh giá và các lựa chọn thay thế được khám phá
Không có đề nghị hay lựa chọn thay thế nào được đưa ra trong bài.