Ôn tập chương 1: Căn bậc hai. Căn bậc ba

Có \(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-4}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

Để A nguyên => \(\sqrt{x}+2\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)

Mà \(\sqrt{x}+2\ge2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2\in\left\{2;4\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)

Vậy ....

\(B+1=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}+1=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}>0\Rightarrow B>-1\)

\(B-2=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+3}-2=\dfrac{-7}{\sqrt{x}+3}< 0\Rightarrow B< 2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}B=0\\B=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

- Với \(B=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\notin Z\) (loại)

- Với \(B=1\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x}-1=\sqrt{x}+3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=4\Rightarrow x=16\)

\(A=a^2+\dfrac{1}{16a^2}+b^2+\dfrac{1}{16b^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\)

\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{16a^2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2}{16b^2}}+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)

\(A\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^2\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}.4\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)

\(B=\left(x-\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(B_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(Q=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{a-1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}\)

b) Để Q dương thì \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}>0\)

mà \(3\sqrt{a}>0\forall a\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

nên \(\sqrt{a}-2>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}>2\)

hay a>4

Kết hợp ĐKXĐ,ta được: a>4

Vậy: Để Q dương thì a>4

a) ĐKXĐ: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2>0\\\sqrt{x}+2>0\\\sqrt{4x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}>2\\\sqrt{x}>-2\\2\sqrt{x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\\\rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\sqrt{2}\\x>-\sqrt{2}\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow x>\sqrt{2}\)

Vậy \(x>\sqrt{2}\)

b) 

\(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right).\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{4x}}\\ =\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\right].\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+x-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{2x}{2\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{x}\)

Vậy \(M=\sqrt{x}\)

a) ĐKXĐ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2>0\\\sqrt{x}+2>0\\\sqrt{4x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}>2\\\sqrt{x}>-2\\2\sqrt{x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>4\\x>-4\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow x>4\)

Vậy \(x>4\)

Câu 1:

a) Để biểu thức có nghĩa \(\Leftrightarrow-2x+3\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)

b) Để biểu thức có nghĩa \(\Leftrightarrow x>0\)

c) Để biểu thức có nghĩa \(\Leftrightarrow x+3>0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x>-3\)

d) Để biểu thức có nghĩa \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+6< 0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\) Biểu thức không xác định

Ta có:

\(A=x-\sqrt{x-2016}\\ =x-2016-\sqrt{x-2016}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{8023}{4}\\ =\left(\sqrt{x-2016}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{8023}{4}\ge\dfrac{8023}{4}\)

Do đó:

\(A_{min}=\dfrac{8023}{4}\) tại \(\sqrt{x-2016}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{8065}{4}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x\notin\left\{1;0\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Sửa đề: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\right)\)

Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)