Bài 4: Liên hệ giữa phép chia và phép khai phương

A)

Đặt \(\sqrt{1+2x}=a; \sqrt{1-2x}=b\) (\(a,b>0\) )

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2=2\\ a^2-b^2=4x=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2a^2=2+\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4a^2=4+2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}+1)^2\\ 2b^2=2-\sqrt{3}\rightarrow 4b^2=4-2\sqrt{3}=(\sqrt{3}-1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}; b=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab=\frac{(\sqrt{3}+1)(\sqrt{3}-1)}{4}=\frac{1}{2}; a-b=1\)

Có:

\(A=\frac{a^2}{1+a}+\frac{b^2}{1-b}=\frac{a^2-a^2b+b^2+ab^2}{(1+a)(1-b)}\)

\(=\frac{2-ab(a-b)}{1+(a-b)-ab}=\frac{2-\frac{1}{2}.1}{1+1-\frac{1}{2}}=1\)

B)

\(2x=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\)

\(\Rightarrow 4x^2=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+2\)

\(\rightarrow 4(x^2-1)=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{4(x^2-1)}=\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}\) do $a>b$

T có: \(B=\frac{b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}=\frac{2b\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}{2x-\sqrt{4(x^2-1)}}=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}-\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}\)

\(=\frac{2b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{2\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{b\left ( \sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}-\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=\frac{\frac{b(a-b)}{\sqrt{ab}}}{\sqrt{\frac{b}{a}}}=a-b\)

C)

\(2x=\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}-\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}}\Rightarrow 4x^2=\frac{1-a}{a}+\frac{a}{1-a}-2\)

\(\Rightarrow 4(x^2+1)=\frac{1-a}{a}+\frac{a}{1-a}+2=(\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}})^2\)

\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{4(x^2+1)}=\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}}\)

Khi đó:

\(C=\frac{2a\sqrt{4(1+x^2)}}{\sqrt{4(x^2+1)}-2x}=\frac{2a\left ( \sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}}-(\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}-\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}})}=\frac{a\left ( \sqrt{\frac{1-a}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}} \right )}{\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}}}\)

\(=\frac{\frac{a(1-a+a)}{\sqrt{a(1-a)}}}{\sqrt{\frac{a}{1-a}}}=1\)

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