Bài 2: Tích phân

\(I=\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0f\left(x\right)dx+2\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0cosxdx=5+2sinx|^{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}_0=5+2=7\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x\\dv=sin2xdx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=-\dfrac{1}{2}x.cos2x|^{\dfrac{\pi}{3}}_0+\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^{\dfrac{\pi}{3}}_0cos2xdx=\dfrac{\pi}{12}+\dfrac{1}{4}sin2x|^{\dfrac{\pi}{3}}_0=\dfrac{\pi}{12}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=12\\b=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(2f\left(3-x\right)+f\left(x\right)=8x-6\) (1)

\(\Rightarrow2f\left(x\right)+f\left(3-x\right)=8\left(3-x\right)-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2f\left(x\right)+f\left(3-x\right)=18-8x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4f\left(x\right)+2f\left(3-x\right)=36-16x\) (2)

Trừ vế cho vế (2) và (1):

\(3f\left(x\right)=42-24x\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=14-8x\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left(14-8x\right)dx=10\)

Đặt \(\int f\left(x\right)dx=F\left(x\right)\Rightarrow\int\limits^{17}_1f\left(x\right)dx=F\left(17\right)-F\left(1\right)\)

Từ giả thiết:

\(2x.f\left(x^2+1\right)+\dfrac{f\left(\sqrt{x}\right)}{2\sqrt{x}}=2lnx\)

Lấy nguyên hàm 2 vế:

\(F\left(x^2+1\right)+F\left(\sqrt{x}\right)=2xlnx-2x+C\)

Thay \(x=4\):

\(F\left(17\right)+F\left(2\right)=16ln2-8+C\) (1)

Thay \(x=1\):

\(F\left(2\right)+F\left(1\right)=-2+C\) (2)

Trừ vế cho vế (1) cho (2):

\(F\left(17\right)-F\left(1\right)=16ln2-6\)

Vậy \(\int\limits^{17}_1f\left(x\right)dx=16ln2-6\)

Ok bat ong doi lau roi

\(\int\dfrac{1+\sin x}{1+\cos x}e^xdx=\int\dfrac{e^xdx}{1+\cos x}+\int\dfrac{e^x\sin x}{1+\cos x}dx\)

\(I_1=\int\dfrac{e^xdx}{1+\cos x}\)

\(I_2=\int\dfrac{e^x\sin x}{1+\cos x}dx\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{\sin x}{1+\cos x}\\dv=e^xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=\dfrac{\cos x\left(1+\cos x\right)+\sin^2x}{\left(1+\cos x\right)^2}dx=\dfrac{dx}{1+\cos x}\\v=e^x\end{matrix}\right.\)

 \(\Rightarrow I_2=\dfrac{e^x.\sin x}{1+\cos x}-\int\dfrac{e^xdx}{1+\cos x}=\dfrac{e^x\sin x}{1+\cos x}-I_1\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{e^x\sin x}{1+\cos x}\)

P/s: Done, ông thay cận vô nhé :)

Đang học Lý mà thấy bài nguyên hàm hay hay nên nhảy vô luôn :b

\(I_1=\int\limits^1_0xf\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=f\left(x\right)\\dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=f'\left(x\right)dx\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\int xf\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2f\left(x\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\int x^2f'\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0xf\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2|^1_0-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx=\dfrac{3}{10}\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Đoạn này hơi rối xíu, ông để ý kỹ nhé, nhận thấy ta có 2 dữ kiện đã biết, là: \(\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx=\dfrac{9}{5}and\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{3}{5}\) có gì đó liên quan đến hằng đẳng thức, nên ta sẽ sử dụng luôn

\(\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)+tx^2\right]^2dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx+2t\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx+t^2\int\limits^1_0x^4dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{5}+\dfrac{6}{5}t+\dfrac{1}{5}t^2=0\)  \(\left(\int\limits^1_0x^4dx=\dfrac{1}{5}x^5|^1_0=\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow t=-3\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)-3x^2\right]^2dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow f'\left(x\right)=3x^2\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^3+C\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0f\left(x\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0x^3dx=\dfrac{1}{4}x^4|^1_0=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

P/s: Có gì ko hiểu hỏi mình nhé !

Áp dụng nguyên hàm cơ bản: \(\int\sqrt{a^2-x^2}dx=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a^2-x^2}}{2}+\dfrac{a^2}{2}arcsin\dfrac{x}{2}+C\)

\(I=\left(\dfrac{x\sqrt{20-x^2}}{2}+10arcsin\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{5}}\right)|^2_{-2}-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3|^2_{-2}=...\)

\(I=\int\sqrt{20-x^2}dx-\int x^2dx\)

Xet \(I_1=\int\sqrt{20-x^2}dx\)

\(x=\sqrt{20}\sin t\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\le t\le\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\Rightarrow dx=\sqrt{20}\cos tdt\)

\(\Rightarrow I_1=\int\sqrt{20\cos^2t}.\sqrt{20}\cos tdt=20\int\cos^2t.dt=10\int dt+10\int\cos2t.dt=10t+5\sin2t+C\)

\(\Rightarrow I=10arc\sin\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{20}}\right)+5\sin\left[2.arc\sin\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{20}}\right)\right]-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3+C\)

P/s: Bạn tự thay cận vô ạ

Lời giải:

Đặt $\frac{x}{8}=\sin t$ 

Khi đó:

\(S=5\int ^{\frac{\pi}{6}}_{\frac{-\pi}{6}}\sqrt{1-\sin ^2t}d(8\sin t)=40\int ^{\frac{\pi}{6}}_{\frac{-\pi}{6}}\cos^2 tdt\)

\(=20\int ^{\frac{\pi}{6}}_{\frac{-\pi}{6}}(\cos 2t+1)dt\)

\(=(10\sin 2t+20t)|^{\frac{\pi}{6}}_{\frac{-\pi}{6}}=10\sqrt{3}+\frac{20}{3}\pi\)

\(S=5.\int\sqrt{\left(1-\dfrac{x}{8}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{8}\right)}dx\)

\(t=1-\dfrac{x}{8}\Rightarrow x=8\left(1-t\right)\Rightarrow dx=-8dt\)

\(\Rightarrow S=-5.8\int\sqrt{t\left(1+\dfrac{8\left(1-t\right)}{8}\right)}dt=-40\int\sqrt{t\left(2-t\right)}dt=-40\int\sqrt{1-\left(t-1\right)^2}dt\)

\(t-1=\sin u\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{2}\le u\le\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\Rightarrow dt=\cos udu\)

\(\Rightarrow S=-40\int\cos^2u.du=-20\int[1+\cos\left(2u\right)]du\)

\(=-20\int du-20\int\cos\left(2u\right)du=-20u+\dfrac{20}{2}\sin2u=-20arc\sin\left(t-1\right)+10\sin2\left[arc\sin\left(t-1\right)\right]\)

\(=-20arc\sin\left(\dfrac{x}{8}\right)+10\sin2\left[arc\sin\left(\dfrac{x}{8}\right)\right]\)

P/s: Bạn tự thay cận vô ạ

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{x+1}}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{x+1}}{\left(x+1\right)^2x-x^2\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{x+1}}{x\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x+1}}{x+1}=x^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}-\left(x+1\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\)

Do đó:

\(I=\int\limits^2_1\left[x^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}-\left(x+1\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}\right]dx=\left(2\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x+1}\right)|^2_1=...\)