2A = 2x^2 - 2xy + 2y^2 - 4x - 4y
2A = ( x^2 - 2xy + y^2 ) + ( x^2 - 4x + 2^2 ) + ( y^2 - 4y + 2^2 ) - 8
2A = ( x - y )^2 + ( x - 2 )^2 + ( y - 2 )^2 - 8
Ta có : ( x - y )^2 >= 0 ; ( x - 2 )^2 >= 0 ; ( y - 2 )^2 >= 0 với mọi x , y
=> Min 2A = 0 + 0 + 0 - 8 = -8
=> Min A = -8 : 2 = -4