a) 3 x^2 - 6x - 1
= 3 ( x^2 - 2x - 1/3 )
= 3 ( x^2 - 2x + 1 - 4/3)
= 3 [ ( x- 1 )^2 - 4/3)
=3 ( x- 1 )^2 - 4
Vì 3 ( x- 1 )^2 >=0 => 3 ( x- 1 )^2 - 4 >= 4
VẬy GTNN là 4 khi x- 1 = 0 => x = 1
b ) ( x- 1 )( x +2 )( x+ 3 )( x+6 )
= ( x - 1 )( x+ 6 )( x+ 2 )( x+ 3 )
= ( x^2 + 5x - 6 ) . ( x^2 + 5x + 6 )
Đặt x^2 + 5x = t ta có :
= ( t- 6 )( t+ 6 )
= t^2 - 36
Vì t^2 >=0 => t^2 -36 >= -36
VẬy GTNN là -36 khi x ^2 + 5x = 0 => x = 0 hoặc x = 5
Nhớ ****