\(NH_4HSO_4 \longrightarrow NH_4^+ + HSO_4^-\)
0,001------>0,001-->0,001
\(Na_2A\rightarrow2Na^++A^{2-}\)
0,022-------->0,022
\(A^{2-}+HSO_4^-\rightarrow HA^-+SO_4^{2-}\)
Bđ: 0,022 0,001
Sau pư: 0,021 0,001 0,001
\(A^{2-}+NH_4^+\rightarrow HA^-+NH_3\)
Bđ: 0,021 0,001 0,001
Sau pư: 0,02 0,002 0,001
TPGH\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}HA^-:0,002M\\A^{2-}:0,02M\\SO_4^{2-}:0,001M\\NH_3:0,001M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(HA^-+H_2O⇌H_2A+OH^-\) (1) Kb1 = 10-8,7
\(HA^-⇌H^++A^{2-}\) (2) Ka1 = 10-12,6
\(SO_4^{2-}+H_2O⇌HSO_4^-+OH^-\) (3) Kb2 = 10-12
\(NH_3+H_2O⇌NH_4^++OH^-\) (4) Kb3 = 10-4,76
\(A^{2-}+H_2O⇌HA^-+OH^-\) (5) Kb4 = 10-1,4
\(H_2O⇌H^++OH^-\) (6) Kw = 10-14
Do \(K_{b4}.C_{A^{2-}}>>K_{b3}.C_{NH_3}>>K_{b1}.C_{HA^-}>>K_{b2}.C_{SO_4^{2-}}\approx K_{a1}.C_{HA^-}\approx K_w\)
=> Cân bằng (5) là chủ yếu
\(A^{2-}+H_2O⇌HA^-+OH^-\)
Co: 0,02 0,002
[ ]: 0,02-x 0,002+x x
\(\Rightarrow K_{b4}=\dfrac{\left(0,002+x\right)x}{0,02-x}=10^{-1,4}\Rightarrow x=\) 0,0142
[HA- ] = 0,0162 M
\(\alpha=\dfrac{0,0162}{0,022}.100\%=73,636\%\)