a) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=2xy+2xy=4xy\)
\(VT=-\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=-x^2-2xy-y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2=4xy=VP\)
\(VT=3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-x\right)^2-\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(=3x^2+3y^2+3z^2-x^2+2xy-y^2-y^2+2yz-z^2-z^2+2zx-x^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx=\left(x+y+z\right)^2=VP\)