M là trung điểm BC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IM}=2\overrightarrow{AI}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{AM}=2\overrightarrow{AI}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\overrightarrow{AI}+\overrightarrow{AM}=2\overrightarrow{AI}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AI}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AI}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Đặt \(\overrightarrow{AK}=x.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BK}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+x.\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Do B, I, K thẳng hàng \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BK}\) và \(BI\) cùng phương
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-1}{\left(-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)}=\dfrac{x}{\left(\dfrac{1}{6}\right)}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\overrightarrow{AK}+\overrightarrow{KC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{AK}+\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{KC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{5}\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{KC}\)
\(\Rightarrow4.\overrightarrow{AK}=1.\overrightarrow{KC}\Rightarrow4.\overrightarrow{KA}=1.\overrightarrow{CK}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n=4\\m=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Các kí hiệu em ghi như IM=2AI và nKA=mCK nó là đoạn thẳng hay có vecto?