Chứng minh : a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc \(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\left(tm\right)\\a=b=c\left(loai\right)\end{cases}}\)
Rút gọn P
\(P=\frac{a-b}{c}+\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}=\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(c-a\right)}{abc}\)
Xét : ab(a-b) + bc(b-c) + ac(c-a) = ab[-(b-c)-(c-a)] + bc(b-c) + ac(c-a)
= (b-c)(bc-ab) + (c-a)(ac-ab) = b(b-c)(c-a) + a(c-a)(c-b) = (c-a)(c-b)(a-b)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{abc}\)
Rút gọn Q
Đặt a - b = z ; b-c = x ; c - a = y
\(\Rightarrow\)x- y = a + b - 2c = -c - 2c = -3c ( do a + b + c = 0 )
y - z = -3a ; z - x = -3b
\(\Rightarrow\)\(-3Q=\frac{\left(y-z\right)}{x}+\frac{\left(z-x\right)}{y}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)}{z}\)
Làm tương tự như rút gọn P, ta có :
\(-3Q=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)\left(z-x\right)}{xyz}=\frac{-\left(-3a\right)\left(-3b\right)\left(-3c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\frac{27abc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\frac{-27abc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{9abc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow PQ=9\)
