a)
$K_2O+ H_2O \to 2KOH$
$n_{KOH} = 0,08.2,5 = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH} = 0,1(mol)$
Z là $CuO$
$\Rightarrow a = m_{CuO} = 21,4 - 0,1.94 = 12(gam)$
b)
$n_{CuO} = \dfrac{12}{80} = 0,15(mol)$
$CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CuO} = 0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3.36,5}{7,3\%} = 150(gam)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{150}{1,15} =130,43(ml)$