a) \(C=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^8\)
\(C=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+\left(5^5+5^6\right)+\left(5^7+5^8\right)\)
\(C=\left(5+25\right)+5^2\cdot\left(5+25\right)+5^4\cdot\left(5+25\right)+5^6\cdot\left(5+25\right)\)
\(C=30+5^2\cdot30+5^4\cdot30+5^6\cdot30\)
\(C=30\cdot\left(1+5^2+5^4+5^6\right)\)
Vậy C chia hết cho 30
b) \(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=2\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\cdot\left(1+2\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot3+2^2\cdot3+...+2^{59}\cdot3\)
\(D=3\cdot\left(2+2^2+...+2^{59}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 3
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=2\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)+...+2^{58}\cdot\left(1+2+4\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot7+2^4\cdot7+...+2^{58}\cdot7\)
\(D=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 7
\(D=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(D=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+....+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot\left(1+2+4+8\right)+...+2^{57}\cdot\left(1+2+4+8\right)\)
\(D=2\cdot15+2^5\cdot15+...+2^{57}\cdot15\)
\(D=15\cdot\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)\)
Vậy D chia hết cho 15
a) C = 5 + 5² + 5³ + ... + 5⁸
= (5 + 5²) + 5².(5 + 5²) + 5⁴.(5 + 5²) + 5⁶.(5 + 5²)
= 30 + 5².30 + 5⁴.30 + 5⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 5² + 5⁴ + 5⁶) ⋮ 30
Vậy C ⋮ 30
b) *) Chứng minh D ⋮ 3
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2) + 2³.(1 + 2) + ... + 2⁵⁹.(1 + 2)
= 2.3 + 2³.3 + ... + 2⁵⁹.3
= 3.(2 + 2³ + ... + 2⁵⁹) ⋮ 3
Vậy D ⋮ 3 (1)
*) Chứng minh D ⋮ 7
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2 + 2²) + 2⁴.(1 + 2 + 2²) + ... 2⁵⁸.(1 + 2 + 2²)
= 2.7 + 2⁴.7 + ... + 2⁵⁸.7
= 7.(2 + 2⁴ + ... + 2⁵⁸) ⋮ 7
Vậy D ⋮ 7 (2)
*) Chứng minh D ⋮ 15
D = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2⁶⁰
= 2.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³) + 2⁵.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³) + 2⁵⁷.(1 + 2 + 2² + 2³)
= 2.15 + 2⁵.15 + ... + 2⁵⁷.15
= 15.(2 + 2⁵ + ... + 2⁵⁷) ⋮ 15
Vậy D ⋮ 15 (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) suy ra D chia hết cho lần lượt 3; 7 và 15
