Bài 1:
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2↑ (1)
2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
\(n_{Na}=\frac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\frac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\times98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{4,9}{20\%}=24,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{24,5}{1,14}=21,49\left(ml\right)\)
2Na + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2 (1)
Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2 (2)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=aA\%\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{aA\%}{98}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{0,05a}{2}=0,025a\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(n_{H_2}\left(1\right)=x\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}\left(2\right)=0,025a-x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT1: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,025a-x\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(x+0,025a-x=\frac{aA\%}{98}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,025a=\frac{aA\%}{98}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\%=\frac{0,025a\times98}{a}=2,45\%\)