Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân từ :
a) \(x^2+6x+9\)
b) \(10x-25-x^2\)
c) \(8x^3-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
d) \(\dfrac{1}{25}x^2-64y^2\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử :
a) \(x^3+\dfrac{1}{27}\)
b) \(\left(a+b\right)^3-\left(a-b\right)^3\)
c) \(\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(a-b\right)^3\)
d) \(8x^3+12x^2y+6xy^2+y^3\)
e) \(-x^3+9x^2-27x+27\)
Bài giải:
a) x3 + = x3 + ()3 = (x + )(x2 – x . + ()2)
=(x + )(x2 – x + )
b) (a + b)3 – (a - b)3
= [(a + b) – (a – b)][(a + b)2 + (a + b) . (a – b) + (a – b)2]
= (a + b – a + b)(a2 + 2ab + b2 + a2 – b2 + a2 – 2ab + b2)
= 2b . (3a3 + b2)
c) (a + b)3 + (a – b)3 = [(a + b) + (a – b)][(a + b)2 – (a + b)(a – b) + (a – b)2]
= (a + b + a – b)(a2 + 2ab + b2 – a2 +b2 + a2 – 2ab + b2]
= 2a . (a2 + 3b2)
d) 8x3 + 12x2y + 6xy2 + y3 = (2x)3 + 3 . (2x)2 . y +3 . 2x . y + y3 = (2x + y)3
e) - x3 + 9x2 – 27x + 27 = 27 – 27x + 9x2 – x3 = 33 – 3 . 32 . x + 3 . 3 . x2 – x3 = (3 – x)3
Tìm x, biết :
a) \(2-25x^2=0\)
b) \(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)
Bài giải:
a) 2 – 25x2 = 0 => (√2)2 – (5x)2 = 0
=> (√2 – 5x)( √2 + 5x) = 0
Hoặc √2 – 5x = 0 => 5x = √2 => x =
Hoặc √2 + 5x = 0 => 5x = -√2 => x = -
b) x2 - x + = 0 => x2 – 2 . x . + ()2 = 0
=> (x - )2 = 0 => x - = 0 => x =
a) \(73^2-27^2\)
b) \(37^2-13^2\)
c) \(2002^2-2^2\)
Bài giải:
a) 732 – 272 = (73 + 27)(73 – 27) = 100 . 46 = 4600
b) 372 - 132 = (37 + 13)(37 – 13) = 50 . 25 = 100 . 12 = 1200
c) 20022 – 22 = (2002 + 2)(2002 – 2) = 2004 . 2000 = 400800
Phân tích thành nhân tử :
a) \(x^2-9\)
b) \(4x^2-25\)
c) \(x^6-y^6\)
a) (a-3)(a+3)
b)(2x-5)(2x+5)
c)(x3-y3)(x3+y3)
Phân tích thành nhân tử :
a) \(9x^2+6xy+y^2\)
b) \(6x-9-x^2\)
c) \(x^2+4y^2+4xy\)
a, \(9x^2+6xy+y^2=\left(3x\right)^2+2\times3xy+y^2=\left(3x+y\right)^2\)
b, \(6x-9-x^2=-\left(x^2-2\times3x+3^2\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
c, \(x^2+4y^2+4xy=x^2+2\times2xy+\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x+2y\right)^2\)
Phân tích thành nhân tử :
a) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
b) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
a) \(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x.2y=4xy\)
b) \(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(3x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\right]\left[\left(3x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1+x+1\right)\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+2\right).2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2+4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(8x+4\right)\)
Tính nhanh :
a) \(25^2-15^2\)
b) \(87^2+73^2-27^2-13^2\)
a) \(25^2-15^2=\left(25-15\right)\left(25+15\right)\)
= 400
b) \(87^2+73^2-27^2-13^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(87^2-13^2\right)\)+\(\left(73^2-27^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(87+13\right)\left(87-13\right)+\left(73+27\right)\left(73-27\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7400+4600=12000\)
Tìm \(x\), biết :
a) \(x^3-0,25x=0\)
b) \(x^2-10x=-25\)
a) \(x^3-0,25x=0\\ < =>x\left(x^2-0,25\right)=0\\ =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x^2-0,25=0\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\sqrt{0,25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(x^2-10x=-25\\ < =>x^2-10x+25=0\\ < =>\left(x-5\right)^2=0\\ < =>x-5=0\\=>x=5\)
Phân tích đa thức \(4x^2-9y^2\) thành nhân tử ta có kết quả :
(A) \(\left(2x-3y\right)^2\) (B) \(\left(2x-4,5y\right)\left(2x+4,5y\right)\)
(C) \(\left(4x-9y\right)\left(4x+9y\right)\) (D) \(\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\)
Hãy chọn kết quả đúng ?
Ta có: \(4x^2-9y^2\\ =\left(2x\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\\ =\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)\)
Vậy: Chọn D
Bài giải:
a) x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + 2 . x . 3 + 32 = (x + 3)2
b) 10x – 25 – x2 = -(-10x + 25 +x2) = -(25 – 10x + x2)
= -(52 – 2 . 5 . x – x2) = -(5 – x)2
c) 8x3 - 1818 = (2x)3 – (1212)3 = (2x - 1212)[(2x)2 + 2x . 1212 + (1212)2]
= (2x - 1212)(4x2 + x + 1414)
d) 125125x2 – 64y2 = (15x)2(15x)2- (8y)2 = (1515x + 8y)(1515x - 8y)