Hãy nêu định nghĩa \(\sin\alpha,\cos\alpha\) và giải thích vì sao ta có :
\(\sin\left(\alpha+k2\pi\right)=\sin\alpha;k\in Z\)
\(\cos\left(\alpha+k2\pi\right)=\cos\alpha;k\in Z\)
Nêu định nghĩa của \(\tan\alpha,\cot\alpha\) và giải thích vì sao ta có :
\(\tan\left(\alpha+k\pi\right)=\tan\alpha;k\in Z\)
\(\cot\left(\alpha+k\pi\right)=\cot\alpha,k\in Z\)
\(\tan\alpha=\dfrac{\sin\alpha}{\cos\alpha},\cot\alpha=\dfrac{\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha}\)
=> \(\tan\left(\alpha+k\pi\right)=\dfrac{\sin\left(\alpha+k\pi\right)}{\cos\left(\alpha+k\pi\right)}\)
Mà:
sin(α+kπ) = sin α
cos(α+kπ) = cos α
nếu k chẵn
và sin(α+kπ) = - sin α
cos(α+kπ) = - cos α
nếu k lẻ
nên tan(α+kπ) = tanα
Rút gọn các biểu thức :
a) \(\dfrac{2\sin2\alpha-\sin4\alpha}{2\sin2\alpha+\sin4\alpha}\)
b) \(\tan\alpha\left(\dfrac{1+\cos^2\alpha}{\sin\alpha}-\sin\alpha\right)\)
c) \(\dfrac{\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\alpha\right)+\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\alpha\right)}{\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\alpha\right)-\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\alpha\right)}\)
d) \(\dfrac{\sin5\alpha-\sin3\alpha}{2\cos4\alpha}\)
Tính :
a) \(\sin\alpha,\) nếu \(\cos\alpha=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\) và \(\dfrac{\pi}{2}< \alpha< \pi\)
b) \(\cos\alpha\), nếu \(\tan\alpha=2\sqrt{2}\) và \(\pi< \alpha< \dfrac{3\pi}{2}\)
c) \(\tan\alpha\), nếu \(\sin\alpha=-\dfrac{2}{3}\) và \(\dfrac{3\pi}{2}< \alpha< 2\pi\)
d) \(\cot\alpha\), nếu \(\cos\alpha=-\dfrac{1}{4}\) và \(\dfrac{\pi}{2}< \alpha< \pi\)
Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy tính :
a) \(\cos\dfrac{22\pi}{3}\)
b) \(\sin\dfrac{23\pi}{4}\)
c) \(\sin\dfrac{25\pi}{3}-\tan\dfrac{10\pi}{3}\)
d) \(\cos^2\dfrac{\pi}{8}-\sin^2\dfrac{\pi}{8}\)
a)
\(\cos\dfrac{22\pi}{3}=\cos\left(8\pi-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\\ =\cos\left(-\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\\ =\cos\left(\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\\ =-\cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}\\ =-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b)
\(\sin\dfrac{23\pi}{4}=\sin\left(6\pi-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\\ =\sin\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\\ =-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
c)
\(\sin\dfrac{25\pi}{3}-\tan\dfrac{10\pi}{3}\\ =\sin\left(8\pi+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)-\tan\left(3\pi+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\\ =\sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}-\tan\dfrac{\pi}{3}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-\sqrt{3}\\ =\dfrac{-\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
d)
\(\cos^2\dfrac{\pi}{8}-\sin^2\dfrac{\pi}{8}\\ =\cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Không sử dụng máy tính, hãy chứng minh :
a) \(\sin70^0+\cos70^0=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
b) \(\tan267^0+\tan93^0=0\)
c) \(\sin65^0+\sin55^0=\sqrt{3}\cos5^0\)
d) \(\cos12^0-\cos48^0=\sin18^0\)
cau a : ĐỀ SAI.
Chứng minh các đồng nhất thức :
a) \(\dfrac{1-\cos x+\cos2x}{\sin2x-\sin x}=\cot x\)
b) \(\dfrac{\sin x+\sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{1+\cos x+\cos\dfrac{x}{2}}=\tan\dfrac{x}{2}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2\cos2x-\sin4x}{2\cos2x+\sin4x}=\tan^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)\)
d) \(\tan x-\tan y=\dfrac{\sin\left(x-y\right)}{\cos x\cos y}\)
1) \(\dfrac{1-cosx+cos2x}{sin2x-sinx}=cotx\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1-cosx+2cos^2x-1}{2sinx.cosx-sinx}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{cosx\left(2cos-1\right)}{sinx\left(2cosx-1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{cosx}{sinx}=cotx=VP\) ( đpcm )
b) \(\dfrac{sinx+sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{1+cosx+cos\dfrac{x}{2}}=tan\dfrac{x}{2}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{sin\left(2.\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{1+cos\left(2.\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+cos\dfrac{x}{2}}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2sin\dfrac{x}{2}.cos\dfrac{x}{2}+sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{1+2cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}-1+cos\dfrac{x}{2}}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2sin\dfrac{x}{2}.cos\dfrac{x}{2}+sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{2cos^2\dfrac{x}{2}+cos\dfrac{x}{2}}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{x}{2}\left(2cos\dfrac{x}{2}+1\right)}{cos\dfrac{x}{2}\left(2cos\dfrac{x}{2}+1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}{cos\dfrac{x}{2}}=tan\dfrac{x}{2}=VP\) ( đpcm )
c) \(\dfrac{2cos2x-sin4x}{2cos2x+sin4x}=tan^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2cos2x-sin\left(2.2x\right)}{2cos2x+sin\left(2.2x\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2cos2x-2sin2x.cos2x}{2cos2x+2sin2x.cos2x}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2cos2x\left(1-sin2x\right)}{2cos2x\left(1+sin2x\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1-sin2x}{1+sin2x}\)
\(VP=tan^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)=\dfrac{1-cos2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)}{1+cos2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{1-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-2x\right)}{1+cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-2x\right)}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{1-sin2x}{1+cos2x}=VT\) ( đpcm )
d) \(tanx-tany=\dfrac{sin\left(x-y\right)}{cosx.cosy}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{sin\left(x-y\right)}{cosx.cosy}=\dfrac{sinx.cosy-cosx.siny}{cosx.cosy}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{sinx.cosy}{cosx.cosy}-\dfrac{cosx.siny}{cosx.cosy}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}-\dfrac{siny}{cosy}=tanx-tany=VT\) ( đpcm )
Chứng minh các biểu thức sau không phụ thuộc x :
a) \(A=\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}+x\right)-\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)\)
b) \(B=\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x\right)-\sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\)
c) \(C=\sin^2x+\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-x\right).\cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\)
d) \(D=\dfrac{1-\cos2x+\sin2x}{1+\cos2x+\sin2x}.\cot x\)
a) \(A=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}+x\right)-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosx+cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.sinx-\left(cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.sinx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosx+cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.sinx-cos\dfrac{\pi}{4}.cosx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{4}.sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.cosx+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=0\)
b) \(B=cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-x\right)-sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=cos\dfrac{\pi}{6}.cosx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{6}.sinx-\left(sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}.cosx+cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}.sinx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=cos\dfrac{\pi}{6}.cosx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{6}.sinx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}.cosx-cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}.sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.cosx+\dfrac{1}{2}.sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.cosx-\dfrac{1}{2}.sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=0\)
c) \(C=sin^2x+cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-x\right).cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=sin^2x+\left(cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}.cosx+sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}.sinx\right).\left(cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}.cosx-sin\dfrac{\pi}{3}.sinx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=sin^2x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}.cosx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.sinx\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{2}.cosx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.sinx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=sin^2x+\dfrac{1}{4}.cos^2x-\dfrac{3}{4}.sin^2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\dfrac{1}{4}.sin^2x+\dfrac{1}{4}.cos^2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d) \(D=\dfrac{1-cos2x+sin2x}{1+cos2x+sin2x}.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\dfrac{1-\left(1-2sin^2x\right)+2sinx.cosx}{1+2cos^2a-1+2sinx.cosx}.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\dfrac{2sin^2x+2sinx.cosx}{2cos^2x+2sinx.cosx}.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\dfrac{2sinx\left(sinx+cosx\right)}{2cosx\left(cosx+sinx\right)}.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=tanx.cotx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=1\)
Tính giá trị của \(\sin\dfrac{47\pi}{6}\) ?
\(\sin\dfrac{47\pi}{6}=\sin\left(8\pi-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=\sin\left(-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cho \(\cos a=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) với \(\pi< a< \dfrac{3\pi}{2}\)
Tính giá trị \(\tan\alpha\) ?
ta có \(sin^2a+cos^2a=1\Rightarrow sina=\pm\sqrt{1-cos^2a}=\pm\sqrt{1-\left(\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}}{3}\right)^2}=\pm\dfrac{2}{3}\)
vì \(\Pi< a< \dfrac{3\Pi}{2}\Rightarrow sina< 0\) \(\Rightarrow sina=\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
lại có \(tana=\dfrac{sina}{cosa}=\dfrac{\dfrac{-2}{3}}{\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}}{3}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
Trên đường tròn lượng giác trong mặt phẳng Oxy, lấy điểm A(1, 0) và điểm M(x,y) với số đo cung AM = α
y= cos AM ⇒ y = sin α
x= sin AM ⇒ x = sin α
Mà cung AM = α+k2π ; k ∈ Z
Nên
sin(α+k2π) = sin α; k ∈ Z
cos(α+k2π) = cos α; k ∈ Z